Çocuk psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran çocuk ve ergenlerde epilepsi varlığında psikiyatrik sorunların cinsiyet ile ilişkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı epilepsili çocuk ve ergenlerde eşlik eden psikiyatrik tanılar ve belirti düzeyleri açısın- dan cinsiyetler arasında farklılık olup olmadığının incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran, epilepsi tanısı konmuş 6-17 yaşları arasındaki çocuk ve ergenler ve anne-babaları ile çocuk psikiyatristi tarafından tanısal görüşme yapıldı. Çocuk Depresyon Ölçeği ile çocukların depresif belirti düzeyleri, Conners Öğret- men ve Aile Değerlendirme Ölçekleriyle çocukların hiperaktivite, dikkat eksikliği, davranım, karşı gelme, anksiyete sorun düzeyleri belirlendi. Bulgular: Psikiyatrik değerlendirmeler sonucunda kızlarda anksiyete bozukluklarının görülme oranı erkeklere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek saptandı. Erkeklerde ise, öğretmen bildirimli hiperakti- vite düzeyi kızlara göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulundu. Epilepsili çocuklarda kız cinsiyet, anksiyete bozuk- lukları için bağımsız bir risk etkeni olarak gösterildi. Yaş küçüldükçe hiperaktivite sorun düzeylerinin arttığı ve erkek cinsiyetin hiperaktivitede bağımsız bir risk etkeni olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız epilepsili kız olguların özel- likle anksiyete bozukluğu, erkek olguların ise hiperaktivite sorunu açısından risk altında olduklarını göstermiştir. Epilepsili çocuk ve ergenlerde cinsiyetlerine göre görülme olasılığı yüksek psikiyatrik sorunlara yönelik önleyici, destekleyici yaklaşımların geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2019; 20(2):204-210)

The relationship between psychiatric problems and gender in the presence of epilepsy in children and adolescents who referred to child psychiatry outpatient clinic

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a difference between genders in terms of psychiatric diagnoses and symptom levels in epileptic children and adolescents. Methods: Diagnostic interviews were conducted with epileptic children and adolescents aged 6-17 and their parents who referred to child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic by a child psychiatrist. Depressive symptom levels of children were obtained by Child Depression Inventory and hyperactivity, inattentiveness, conduct, oppositional and anxiety levels were examined by Conner’s Teacher and Parent Rating Scales. Results: Because of the psychiatric evaluations of the children, the incidence of anxiety disorders was significantly higher in females than males. Males had significantly higher levels of teacher reported hyperactivity than females. Female gender was shown to be an independent risk factor for anxiety disorders. It was found that the level of hyperactivity increased, as age decreased and male gender was an independent risk factor for hyperactivity problem. Discussion: Our study shows that while epileptic girls are especially at risk for anxiety disorders, boys for hyperactivity problems. It is proposed to develop preventive and supportive approaches to psychiatric problems that are likely to be seen according to gender in children and adoles cents with epilepsy. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2019; 20(2):204-210)

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