Alaaddin ÜNSAL, Ünal AYRANCI, MUSTAFA TÖZÜN

Batı Türkiye’nin kırsal bir kasabasında kadınlar arasında depresyon sıklığı ve sosyodemografik özelliklerle ilişkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç, Batı Türkiye’nin bir bölgesinde 40 yaş ve üstündeki kadınlarda depresyon görülme sıklığını saptamak ve depresyon ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülen bazı risk etkenlerini değerlendirmekti. Yöntem: 01 Temmuz-30 Ağustos 2007 tarihleri arasında yapılan bu çalışmada bazı sosyodemografik özellikleri ve depresyon için olası risk etkenleri ile ilgili bilgiler içeren bir anket yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle uygulandı. Tarama testi olarak Beck Depresyon Ölçeği kullanıldı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sıklık ve yüzde oranları, istatistiksel analizlerde ki-kare testi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık için p değeri ≤0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 56.03 olup, depresyon yaygınlığı %16.6 idi (115/691). Bivariate analizlerde ileri yaşlarda, herhangi bir kronik hastalığı, hayatı olumsuz yönde etkileyen bir olay öyküsü, özürlü çocuğu, menopozda, aile içi şiddet öyküsü ve obez olanlarda ve sosyal güvencesi olmayanlarda depresyon görülme sıklığı daha yüksekti (her biri için p≤0.05). Multivariate analizde sosyal güvenceden yoksun olma (OR: 2.52), olumsuz bir olay öyküsünün varlığı (OR: 2.99), özürlü bir çocuğa sahip olma (OR: 3.37) ve menopoz yaşının 30-39 yaş grubunda olması (OR: 2.75) depresyon için önemli risk etkenleri olarak saptandı (her biri için p≤0.05). Sonuç: Depresyon, bu bölgede yaşayan kadınlar için önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Kadınların depresyon için önemli bir risk grubu olarak değerlendirilmesi ve aynı zamanda depresyonla ilgili etiketlemeye yol açan her türlü etkeni azaltma önlemlerini içeren koruma ve kontrol programlarının başlatılması uygun olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kadın, Depresyon, Demografi, Erişkin, Yaygınlık, Risk faktörleri, Orta yaşlı, Kırsal nüfus, Kadınlar

Prevalence of depression and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics among women in a rural town of western Turkey

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression and evaluate some risk factors associated with depression in a rural town. Methods: In this survey conducted between July 1st and August 30th 2007, a questionnaire including the information related some sociodemographic characteristics and some risk factors assumed as related with depression was completed using a face to face interview method. The Beck Depression Scale was used as the screening test. Data were evaluated by desciptive statistics, logistic regression analysis, chi-square and student t tests. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 56.03 years. The prevalence of depression in this sample was 16.6% (115/691). The bivariate analyses revealed that, in those with an advanced age, any chronic illness, an event history affecting the life in a negative way, a handicapped child, menopause, obesity, and not having a social health insurance, the depression prevalence were significantly higher In multivariate analysis, not having a social health insurance (OR: 2.52), an event history affecting the life in a negative way (OR: 2.99), a handicapped child (OR: 3.37) and an age group of 30-39 as menopause age (OR: 2.75) were all deemed significant as risk factors for depression. Discussion: Depression is an important health problem for women dwelling in this region. We concluded that women should be evaluated as an important at-risk group for depression, and prevention and control programs that also include components for reducing stigma should be implemented.

Keywords:

Female, Depression, Demography, Adult, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Middle Aged, Rural Population, Women,

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