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Anne ve Çocuk Duygu Düzenleme Arasındaki İlişkide Annenin Kişilik Özelliklerinin ve Bağlanma Stillerinin Aracı Rolü

Amaç: Duygu düzenleme güçlüğü hem çocukluk, hem de yetişkinlik döneminde ortaya çıkan psikopatolojiyle ilişkili bir kavramdır ve erken çocukluk döneminde anne-babalarla ve özellikle anneyle çocuğun etkileşimi aracılığıyla gelişim gösterir. Bu çalışmada annenin duygu düzenlemesi ile çocuğun duygu düzenlemesi arasındaki ilişkide annenin sahip olduğu bağlanma stilleri ve kişilik özelliklerinin aracı rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemi, 3-6 yaşları arasındaki 148 kız (%52.9) ve 129 erkek (%46.1) çocuğa sahip, 24-50 yaşları arasındaki (35.92±5.14) 280 anneden oluşmuştur. Katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, çocuklara yönelik Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği (DDÖ), annelere yönelik Duygu Düzenleme Güçlükleri Ölçeği-Kısa Form, Temel Kişilik Özellikleri Envanteri ve İlişki Ölçekleri Anketi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Sosyodemografik değişkenlerde sadece çocuk cinsiyet değişkenine göre DDÖ-olumsuzluk alt ölçeğinde erkek çocuklar lehine anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Korelasyon analizine göre çocukların DDÖ-olumsuzluk alt boyutu ile annenin duygu düzenleme güçlüğü, kayıtsız ve korkulu bağlanma stilleri, nevrotiklik ve olumsuz değerlik kişilik özellikleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyonlar; dışa dönüklük ve sorumluluk özellikleriyle negatif yönde anlamlı korelasyon saptanmıştır. Aracılık analizine göre, çocuğun duygu düzenlemesi ile annenin duygu düzenlemesi arasındaki ilişkide annenin nevrotiklik, olumsuz değerlik ve korkulu bağlanma stilinin kısmi aracılık etkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda çocuğun duygu düzenleme becerisinden çok, duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün annenin duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ile ilişkili olduğu ve çocuğun duygu düzenleme güçlüğünde annenin bağlanma stilinin ve bazı kişilik özelliklerinin etkili unsurlar olduğu görülmüştür. Çocuk duygu düzenleme güçlüğüyle ilgili olarak aile kaynaklı diğer etkenlerin de araştırılması duygu düzenleme sürecinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(3):310-318)

Mediator Role of Mother's Personality Traits and Attachment Styles in the Relationship Between Mother and Child Emotion Regulation

Objective: Difficulty in regulating emotions is a concept related to psychopathology that occurs not only in childhood but also in adulthood. This emotion develops in early childhood via the interaction of the child with the parents, especially the mother. The aim of this study is to examine the role of attachment styles and personality traits of the mother in the relationship between emotion regulation of the mother and her child. Methods: This study comprised of 280 mothers, 24-50 years (35.92±5.14), 148 girls (52.9%) and 129 boys (46.1%) in the age range of 3-6 years. Sociodemographic Data Form, Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC), Difficulties in the Emotion Regulation ScaleBrief Form, Basic Personality Traits Inventory and Relationship Scales Questionnaire were applied to the participants. Results: Significant difference in sociodemographic variables was found in boy's favor in the ERC-negative subscale compared to child sex variables only. Positive correlations were found between the children's ERC-negative subscale and maternal emotion regulation difficulties, indifferent and fearful affiliation neuroticism and negative valence personality traits; and negative correlations were found with extraversion and responsibility characteristics according to the Pearson's correlation analysis. According to the mediation analysis, neuroticism, negative valence and fearful attachment style of the mother had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between the emotion regulation of the child and the emotion regulation of the mother. Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that the difficulty of regulating emotion was related to the difficulty of regulating emotion of the mother rather than the ability of the child to regulate emotion and some personality traits were effective factors in the emotion regulation difficulty of the child. Investigating other family-related factors correlated with child emotion regulation difficulties will contribute to the understanding of emotion regulation process. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(3):310-318)

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