Nar Meyvesinin Muhafazasında Farklı Modifiye Atmosfer Ambalajlarının Çürüklük Gelişimi, Ağırlık Kaybı, Renk ve Duyusal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Çalışma, farklı modifiye atmosfer (MA) ambalajlarının 'Hicaznar' (Punica granatum L.) nar çeşidine ait meyvelerde, depolama süresince çürüklük gelişimi, ağırlık kaybı, renk ve duyusal özelliklerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Tam olgunlukta hasat edilen nar meyveleri, 7 farklı firma tarafından üretilen MA ambalajlarına yerleştirilmiş ve hava ile ön soğutma yapıldıktan sonra ağızları kapatılmıştır. Nar meyveleri 6±0,5oC sıcaklık ve %90 oransal nemde 5 ay süreyle muhafazaya alınmıştır. Depolama başlangıcında ve 3, 4 ve 5 aylık depolama sonrası alınan örneklerde kayıplar ve değişimler incelenmiştir. MA ambalajlarında saptanan O2 (%10,1-%18,8) ve CO2 (%3,1-%6,1) oranları önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. Beş aylık depolama sonunda ağırlık kaybı bakımından MA ambalajları fazla (%12,4-%13,5), orta (%6,9) ve düşük olanlar (%1,7%2,3) olmak üzere üç farklı gruba ayrılmıştır. Ağırlık kaybı fazla olan MA ambalajlarındaki nar meyvelerinin kabuğunda buruşma ve şekil bozukluğu (köşeleme) görülmüştür. Ağırlık kaybı az olan MA ambalajlarında çürüklük gelişimi belirgin (%35,0%47,5) şekilde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Nar meyvelerinde ağırlık kaybı ile çürüklük gelişimi arasında lineer ters bir ilişki (R2= 0,81) bulunmuştur. MA ambalajlarının nar meyvelerinin kabuk ve tane renk değerleri birbirine benzerlik göstermiştir. MA ambalajlarının etkilerinin depolama süresiyle yakından ilişkili olduğundan nar depolamasında uygun MA ambalajın seçiminde depolama süresinin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.

The Effects of Different Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Decay Development, Weight Loss, Colour and Sensory Properties of Pomegranate Fruit in Storage

The study was performed to determine the effects of different modified atmosphere (MA) packaging on decay development, weight loss, color and sensory properties of 'Hicaznar' (Punica granatum L.) pomegranate fruit. Fruits harvested at fully mature stage were packed in 7 MA packages produced by different companies, and modified atmosphere packages (MAP) were sealed after pre-cooling with air. Pomegranate fruits were stored at 6± 0.5oC temperature and 90% relative humidity conditions for 5 months. In samples taken at pre-storage and after 3, 4 and 5 months of storage, the quality changes and losses were investigated. Significant variations were detected in respect to O2 (10.1%-18.8%) and CO2 (3.1%-6.1%) levels in MAP. After 5 months of storage, MAP were classified into 3 groups according to weight loss as high (12.4%-13.5%), moderate (6.9%) and low (1.7% 2.3%). In MA packages that display high rate of weight loss, the skin of the pomegranate fruit had wrinkles and shape deformity. In MAP where weight loss is low, there were higher incidences of decay revealing a significant negative linear correlation (R2= 0.81) between weight loss and development of decay. MA packages exerted similar effects on skin and arils color (C* and ho) of pomegranate fruits. The length of storage period is highly determined by MA package used thus, storage time needs to be taken into consideration in the selection of packaging.

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