Mikroçoğaltımda çevre kontrolünde son gelişmeler: Besin ortamı üst çevresi ve kültür ortamı çevresi faktörleri

Mikroçoğaltım, genetik olarak birbirinin aynı olan çok fazla sayıda bitki üretimi için kullanılan bir bitki doku kültürü tekniğidir. Bu derlemede, mikroçoğaltımda çevre kontrolünde son yıllardaki gelişmeler değerlendirilmiş ve ilk olarak; ışık, karbondioksit konsantrasyonu, sıcaklık, bağıl nem ve oksijenin de içinde bulunduğu besin ortamı üst çevresi faktörlerinin in vitro bitki fotosentezi ve büyümesine etkileri tartışılmıştır, ikinci olarak, pH, osmotik potansiyel, iyon komponentlerinin konsantrasyonları, şeker konsantrasyonunu kapsayan fiziksel ve kimyasal besin ortamı çevre faktörlerinin in vitro bitki büyümesine etkileri tartışılmıştır. Son olarak da in vitro bitkilerin büyümesinde etkili olan eksplant sıklığı, eksplant büyüklüğü ve patojenler gibi biyolojik faktörler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kültür ortamı, karbondioksit, şeker, çoğaltma, bitkiler, pH, mikroçoğaltma, ışık, çevresel faktörler

Recent advances in environmental control in micropropagation: Aerial and culture medium environmental factors

Micropropagation is a plant tissue culture technique used for obtaining a large number of genetically identical plantlets. In this article, we evaluate recent topics in environment control in micropropagation and firstly, effects of aerial environmental factors including light, carbon dioxide, temperature, relative humidity and oxygen on the growth and photosynthesis of plantlets in vitro are discussed. Secondly effects of culture medium physical and chemical environmental factors including sugar concentration, concentrations of ion components, osmotic potential and pH of the culture medium on the growth of plantlets in vitro are discussed. Lastly, effects of biological factors such as explant size, explant density and pathogens on the growth of plantlets in vitro are discussed.

Keywords:

culture media, carbon dioxide, sugar, propagation, plants, pH, micropropagation, light, environmental factors,

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