Farklı renklerde polietilen ile malçlamanın sera marul yetiştiriciliğine etkileri

Bu çalışma farklı renklerdeki malç materyallerinin sera marul yetiştiriciliğinde verim ve kaliteye etkilerini ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemede malç materyali olarak saydam, siyah, beyaz, mavi, sarı, gri ve altı siyah üstü beyaz polietilen örtüler kullanılmıştır. Saydam ve siyah polietilen malç uygulamaları ile dikimden 75 gün sonra bitkilerin sırasıyla %56 ve % 50 oranlarında hasat edilmesi mümkün olabilmiştir.Ayrıca toplam ve ortalama baş ağırlıklarının malç uygulamaları ile artırılabildiği ve özellikle altı siyah üstü beyaz polietilen materyalde kontrole göre %21,4 oranında bir verim artışı gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

verim, sera yetiştiriciliği, malç, örtü altı yetiştiriciliği, marul, Lactuca sativa, polietilen film

Effects of mulching with different colored polyethylene on lettuce production in greenhouse

This investigation was conducted to evaluate quality and yield response of lettuce to various colors of plastic mulch in unheated glasshouse. The mulch materials used in this trial were transparent, black, while, black-white, blue, yellow and gray polyethylene films. With respect to early yield, transparent mulch was found to be superior to the other mulching materials. However, total yield and average head weight were increased by using black-white polyethylene. Also usable leaf ratio was generally affected positively the use of mulching as compared to the control.

Keywords:

yields, greenhouse culture, mulches, protected cultivation, lettuces, Lactuca sativa, polyethylene film,

PDF

___

Abak, K., Y. Pakyürek, N. Gürsöz ve R. Onsinejad. 1990. Malç uygulamalarının serada toprak sıcaklığı ile bazı sebzelerin verim ve erkencilikleri üzerine etkisi. Türkiye 5. Seracılık Sempozyumu: 55-62. İzmir.
Bhelia, H. S. 1988. Tomato response to trickle irrigation and black polyethylene mulch. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113: 543-546.
Castilla, N., A. Gallego, G. Cruz, and C. Munoz. 1998. Greenhouse melon response to plastic mulch. Acta Horticulturae 458: 263-267.
Csizinszky. A., D. J. Schuster, and J. B. King. 1995. Color mulches influence yield and insect pest populations in tomatoes. J.Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 120 (5): 778-784.
Farias-Larios, J., M. Orozco, S. Guzman, and S. Aguilar. 1994. Soil temperature and moisture under different plastic mulches and their relation to growth and cucumber yield in a tropical region. Gartenbauwissenschaft 59 (6): 249-252.
Farios-Lorios, J., and M. Orozco-Santos. 1997. Color polyethylene mulches increase fruit quality and yield in watermelon and reduce insect pest populations in dry tropics. Gartenbauwissensvhaft 62 (6): 255-260.
Hanna, Y„ E. Millhollon, J. Herrick., and C. Fletcher. 1997. Increased yield of heat-tolerant tomatoes with deep transplanting, morning irrigation and white mulch, Hort. Sci. 32 (2): 224-226.
Inada, K. 1973. Photo-selective plastic film, Jpn. Agric. Res. 7: 252.
Ito, A., T. Yamaguchi, and M. Kashioka. 1996. Effect of reflective film mulching on the photosynthetic activity of carnation. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly. 30 (4): 255-261.
Katan, S., and De Vay. 1991. Soil solarization, CRC. Press. Inc. London, p. 267.
Liakatas, A., J. A. Clark, and J. L. Monteith. 1986. Measurement of the heat balance under plastic mulches. Part I. Radiation balance and soil heat flux. Agr. For. Meteorology. 36, 227-239.
Loy, B„ J. Lindstrom, S. Gordon, D. Rudd, and D. Wells. 1989. Theory and development of wavelength selective mulches, Proc. Nat. Agric. Plas. Congr. 21, 193.
Martins, S., R. Peil, J. Schwengber, F. Assis, and M. Mendez. 1998. Greenhouse melon production in different plant cultivation systems. Horticultura-Brasileira 16 (1): 24-30.
Matitschka, G., R. Hahndel, and W. Wichmann. 1996. Mineral N dynamic, N update and growth of lettuce as affected by mulch. Acta Horticulturae 428: 85-94.
Pakyürek, Y., K. Abak, N. Sari, and Y. Güler. 1994. Influence of mulching on earliness and yield of some vegetables grown under high tunnels. Acta Horticulturae 366: 155-160.
Solmaz, E. 1997. Çilek yetiştiriciliğinde farklı malç materyallerinin bitki gelişimi, verim ve kaliteye etkileri. Ege Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir.
Stewart, K., and S. Jenni. 1997. Development of a paper mulch for horticulture use. International Congress for Plastics in Agriculture, 18. Israel.
Streck, N., F. Schneider, G. Buriol, and A. Heldwein. 1995. Effect of polyethylene mulches an soil temperature and tomato yield in a plastic greenhouse. Scientia Agricola 52 (3): 587-593.
Şafak, S. 2000. Değişik önii materyallerinin toprak solarizasyonuna etkisi. Ege Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İzmir.
Tüzel, Y., and A. Gül. 1991. Effects of different plastics mulching materials on yield and soil temperature of spring-season glasshouse cucumber crops. Plasticulture 91:3.
Wansoon, K.., H. Kuhyang, C. Ilhwan, W. Yanghoe, K. Huh, I. Cho., and Y. Woo. 1998. Effect of reflective film mulching on the growth and flowering of Antirrhinum majus L. "Fujinoyvki" in greenhouse cultivation. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 16 (3): 350-351.
Yamaguchi, T., A. Ito, and M. Koshioka. 1996. Effect of combination of reflective film mulching and shading treatments on growth of carnation. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly. 30 (3): 181-188.