Bazı ayçiçeği hatlarının Trakya Bölgesindeki ayçiçeği mildiyösüne (Plasmopara Halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & De Toni.) dayanıklılıklarının belirlenmesi

Mildiyö hastalığı, Trakya bölgesinde ayçiçeği ekim alanlarında iklim koşullarına da bağlı olarak, bazı yıllarda yoğun olarak görülmektedir. Avrupa’da ayçiçeği ekimi yapılan ülkelerin çoğunda yıllardır genetik dayanıklı çeşitlerin ekimi yapılmasına rağmen, bu çeşitler ülkemizde son birkaç yıldır ekilmektedir. Çalışmada, Trakya bölgesinde ayçiçeğinde mildiyönün durumunu belirlemek amacıyla, hastalıklı bitkilerden yaprak örnekleri alınarak, bölgeyi temsil edecek yeterli sayıda ve farklı alanlardan hastalıklı bitki örnekleri toplanmıştır. Bu şekilde, Trakya’da tüm mildiyö ırklarının bir karışımı oluşturulmuş ve bitki örnekleri, gölgede 24-48 saat kurutulup, -80 C° soğutucuda saklanmıştır. Saklanan bitki örneklerinden karışım halinde mildiyö spor solüsyonu hazırlanmıştır. Deney materyaline spor solüsyonu vasıtası ile hastalık bulaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda HA-89 ve 6626-A hatları hastalığa karşı hassas, RHA-419, RHA-436, RHA-437, RHA-340, HA-460 hatlarının ise dayanıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada enstitümüze ait açılan restorer materyalden K3-R-SN-3, K3-R-SN-4 ve K3-R-SN-9’un dayanıklılık bakımından açılma gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu ön çalışma ile erken generasyonlarda dayanıklı hatlar mevcut olup, bu hatların Trakya bölgesinde mildiyöye karşı dayanıklılık çalışmalarında donör kaynak olarak kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

The Determination of Downy Mildew (Plasmopara Halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & De Toni.) Resistance of Some Sunflower Lınes in Trakya Region

Downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farlow) Berlese & de Toni) is widely observed in sunflower planted areas in Trakya region depending on climatic conditions in some years. Although genetically resistant hybrids to downy mildew have just started to plant recently in Turkey, they have been planting many years in European countries. In the study, to determine the situation of downy mildew in Trakya region, leaf samples were collected from mildew infested plants in different areas representing complete region. Consequently, a mixture of all different races was constituted and these leaf samples were dried at shadow at 24-48 hours period, and then they were stored in the refrigerator at -80 ºC. Mildew spore solution from these stored plant samples. This spore solution was infested to experimental materials. In the research, HA-89 and 6626-A female lines were found to be to downy mildew and RHA-419, HA-460, RHA-436, RHA-437 and RHA-340 inbred lines were observed as resistant to the disease. In this preliminary study, some resistant lines were observed in the early generations and it was determined that these resistant inbred lines could be used as donor lines in Trakya region in mildew resistance research.

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