Çok Boyutlu Yoksulluk Analizi: Türkiye-AB Karşılaştırması

Harcamaya dayalı resmi yoksulluk sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye’de yoksulluk düzeyi 2002 yılından itibaren önemli bir düşüş göstermiştir. Ancak, çok boyutlu yapısı gereği yoksulluğu yalnızca gelir/harcama üzerinden ölçen yöntemler yoksulluğu bütün yönleriyle açıklamada yeterli olmayacaktır. Bu çalışmada Alkire, Apablaza ve Jung (2014) izlenerek 2006-2012 yılları için iki farklı çok boyutlu yoksulluk ölçütü hesaplanmış; elde edilen sonuçlar Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkeleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Parasal göstergeye ek olarak; aşırı maddi yoksunluk, çalışma yoğunluğu, sağlık, eğitim ve çevresel faktörlere ilişkin göstergeler de çok boyutlu yoksulluk içerisinde ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Türkiye’deki yoksulluk düzeyi 2006’dan 2012 yılına gelindiğinde önemli derecede düşüş göstermesine karşın hala AB ortalamasının oldukça üzerindedir.

Multidimensional Poverty Analysis: A comparison of Turkey and EU

According to official results Turkey has shown great reduction in consumption poverty since 2002. However, poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and methods that consider only income would not be enough to show all aspect of poverty. In this paper, we provide two different multidimensional poverty measures for Turkey over 2006-2012 following Alkire, Apablaza and Jung (2014). Results are compared with EU countries. In addition to monetary indicators, severe material deprivation, work intensity, health, education and environmental indicators taken into account while constructing multidimensional poverty measures. According to results, although Turkey has shown significant decline in poverty from 2006 to 2012, its poverty level is still well above the EU average.

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