David Miller'ın Liberal Milliyetçilik Savunusuna Eleştirel Bir Bakış

Liberalizm ve milliyetçilik genelde birbiriyle pek iyi geçinemeyen ideolojiler olarak görülmesine rağmen, özellikle 1990'lardan itibaren bu iki ideolojinin birbiriyle harmanlanabileceği ve liberal milliyetçi bir pozisyonun sağlam felsefi temellere oturtulabileceği bazı düşünürlerce savunulmuştur. Bu yönde önemli bir çaba ortaya koyan David Miller'ın fikirleri bu makalenin odağını oluşturuyor. Makalede, Miller'ın liberal milliyetçi yaklaşımının temel önermelerinden olan 'aynı milliyete sahip insanların birbirine karşı özel yükümlülükler taşıdığı' tezi eleştirilecek ve bu önermenin en azından iki yönüyle liberalizmin temel değerleriyle çatıştığı savunulacaktır. Birincisi, liberalizmin benimsediği evrensel etik ve tarafsızlık perspektifinden milliyetçi bir tarafgirliğin temellendirilmesi oldukça zordur. İkincisi, siyasal yükümlülüklerle ilgili olarak liberalizmin benimsediği sözleşmeci pozisyonla, Miller'ın benimsediği ilişkiselci pozisyon arasında önemli bir gerilim vardır.

A Critical Analysis of David Miller's Liberal Nationalism

Although it is generally thought that liberalism and nationalism are two ideologies that do not get on well with each other, since 1990s there have been some efforts to reconcile them and to find a solid philosophical foundation in favor of a liberal nationalist position. This paper focuses on the thought of David Miller, who has been of the most influential adherents of such a position. In this paper, the main tenant of Miller's liberal nationalism, which is the proposition that 'we have special obligations to our co-nationals' will be criticized and it is going to be argued that this proposition violates some of liberalism's basic values in at least two ways. One, from a liberal perspective that is committed to universalist ethics and impartiality, it is quite difficult to justify the notion of a nationalist partiality. Second, there exists a fundamental tension between liberalism's contractarian vision of political obligations and Miller's associative vision.

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