TANINMA SORUNU YAŞAYAN DEVLETLER AÇISINDAN EGEMENLİK VE TANINMA KONUSUNUN KAVRAMSAL ANALİZİ

Son yıllarda, yasal olarak tanınmayan ancak fiili olarak alternatif siyasi haritalarda yerini alan bazı devletler mevcuttur. Uluslararası platformlarda varlıklarını sürdürdükleri için bu oluşumlar mevcut sisteme ciddi olarak meydan okumaktadırlar. Bu tarz siyasi oluşumların ya da varlıkların bazıları belirli bir uluslararası tanınma düzeyine sahipken bazıları hiç tanınmamıştır. Bu siyasi oluşumlarda faaliyet gösteren politikacılar kendi coğrafi sınırları içerisinde referandum düzenlemekte, bağımsızlıklarını ilan etmekte ve hatta dış politika yapma gayretindedirler. 1980’li yılların sonu ve 1990’lı yılların başındaki gelişmelerin ardından tanınmayan devletlerin konusu akademik çevrenin dikkatini çekmiştir. Birçok yazar, bu siyasi oluşumlar için yeni terimler bulmaya, uluslararası sistemdeki yerlerini tartışmaya veya bu oluşumları uluslararası hukukta farklı kategorilere koymaya devam etmektedirler. Bununla birlikte, klasik çerçeveye uymayan bu devlet benzeri varlıklar ya da oluşumlar, uluslararası sistemde büyük bir problem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu makale, tanınma sorunu yaşayan devletlerin egemenlikleri konusunu ele alıp, bu devletlerin uluslararası sistemdeki egemenlikleri ve tanınma konusunu tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.

CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF SOVEREIGNTY AND RECOGNITION IN COUNTRIES FACING RECOGNITION PROBLEM

In recent years, there are some states that are not legally recognized but actively involved in alternative political mappings. These states are seriously challenging the existing system because they maintain their presence in international platforms. Some of these political formations or entities have a certain level of international recognition, while some of which have not been recognized yet. Politicians in these political formations organize referendums within their geographical boundaries, declare their independence and even make foreign policy efforts. Following the developments in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the issue of unrecognized states has attracted many scholars. Many of those scholars continue to find new terms for these political formations, to discuss their place in the international system, or to put these formations in different categories in international law. However, these state-like entities or formations that do not conform to the classical framework appear to be a major problem in the international system. Taking the sovereignty issue of states facing with recognition, this article aims to discuss the problem of recognition of these states in the international system.

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