SURİYE İÇ SAVAŞI’NA FEMİNİST BİR YAKLAŞIM

Altıncı yılını dolduran Suriye İç Savaşı’na şimdiye kadar genel anlamda realpolitik açıdan yaklaşılmış, gerek siyasi arenada gerekse akademik düzeyde devletlerin ve yerel aktörlerin çıkarları temel alınarak çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Devletlerin ve yerel aktörlerin çıkarlarına, amaçlarına ve birbiriyle mücadelesine odaklanan yaklaşımların en büyük eksiği, iç savaşlardan en çok yara alan sivillerin ve özellikle kadınların savaş sırasında yaşadıkları ve daha da önemlisi savaş sonrası yaşayacakları problemlere çözüm üretememesidir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma Suriye İç Savaşı’nı feminist yaklaşımların üzerinde durduğu üç konu üzerinden analiz etmektedir: kadınların savaş sırasında yaşadıkları problemler, kadınların siyasi katılımı ve kadınların askeri yapılardaki konumları. Bulgular göstermektedir ki, Suriyeli kadınlar savaşın şiddetini yoğun bir şekilde yaşamalarına rağmen barış sürecinde seslerini duyurmada büyük güçlük yaşamaktadırlar. Öte yandan, Suriye İç Savaşı kadınların askeri yapılara katılımını pozitif yönde etkilese de, bu katılım genel olarak devletlerin ve erkek egemen sistemin çıkarlarına hizmet ediyor görünmektedir.

FEMINIST APPROACH TO SYRIAN CIVIL WAR

So far the Syrian Civil War, which is in its seventh year, has been analyzed through realpolitik perspectives. Both in politics and in literature, the solutions offered have been based on the interests of states and local actors. The major deficiency of the approaches focusing on the interests, objectives and the competition of states and local actors is their inability to produce solutions to the problems of civilians, especially women, during the conflict and afterward. In this respect, this study will analyze the Syrian civil war through three subjects at the core of feminist approaches: the suffering of women during the civil war, their political participation and their role in the military structures. As the evidence shows, although Syrian women feel the violence of war in an intense way, they have difficulty in making their voices heard in the peace process. On the other hand, while the Syrian civil war has a positive effect on the women’s participation in the military structures, it seems that this participation serves the interests of states and the masculine system.

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