KRİZ-SONRASI FRANSA’DA POPÜLİZMİN YÜKSELİŞİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME (2008-2018)

2008 finansal krizi ile bunu takip eden dönemde popülist hareketlerin yükselmesi arasında nasıl bir ilişki vardır? Çalışmada ele alınacak bu soruya, krizin tetikleyici bir rolü olduğu cevabı verilecek. Krizi takip eden dönemde, örnek vaka olarak alınan Fransa’da üç iktidar değişikliği olmuştur. Politik yelpazedeki yerleri değişik gibi görünse de bu üç iktidarın da konumuz açısından önemli bir ortak yanı vardır: Kapitalizmin bu krizini, popülist bir tutumla ve iktisadî manada bir paradigma değişikliğine gitmeksizin yönetmeye, yani yine sistem içinde kalarak çözmeye çalışmaları. Makale, genelde anti-sistemik olarak görülen popülist siyasetin de aslında sistem-içinde kaldığını iddia etmektedir. Çalışmada savunulan temel argüman ise kriz sonrasında Fransa’da popülizmin yükselişinin sadece açıkça popülist kabul edilen partiler ve liderlerle açıklanamayacağı, bilakis bu on yıllık dönemde genel olarak Fransa siyasetine sirayet eden bir popülizmden bahsedilebileceğidir.

THE RISE OF POPULISM IN FRANCE: AN ANALYSIS (2008-2018)

What is the relationship between the 2008 Financial Crisis and the rise of populist movements in the following period? This question, which will be discussed in the study, will be answered by focusing on the triggering role of the crisis. In France, which constitutes the selected case study for this research, the political power has changed hands three times during the period following the crisis. Although their place in the political spectrum seem different, these three powers have had something in common: they have tried to solve this crisis of capitalism with a populist attitude and without proposing a paradigm shift in economic terms, that is, by remaining within the system. The article argues that the populist politics, which is generally viewed as anti-systemic, also remains within the system. The main argument advanced in this study is that the rise of populism in post-crisis France cannot be explained only with reference to the parties and leaders considered clearly populist. On the contrary, the last decade’s populism is a populism that has affected the French politics in its entirety.

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