ÇAĞDAŞ SINIF SOSYOLOJİSİNDE PSİKOSOSYAL ÇÖZÜMLEME

Eleştirel Türkiye sınıf araştırmaları sınıf kimliği ve bilincini yapı veya eyleme odaklanarak kavramaya çalışmaktadır. Genelde işçinin kimlik ve bilinç oluşumunu işyeri ve emek süreci aksında açıklayan bu çalışmaların tartışma hattı ve bulguları önemli olmakla birlikte, sınıf oluşumu tartışmalarında psikososyal süreçlerin önemini göz ardı etmektedirler. Bu yazı psikanalitik-çekimli bir psikososyal yaklaşımla farklı sınıf habituslarının oluşum ve kriz süreçlerinin anlaşılabileceğini ve açıklanabileceğini ileri süren bir ön kavramsal çalışma niteliğindedir. Buna göre, belirli bir sınıfsal konumun gerektirdiği pratikler, o pratikleri mümkün kılan ve icra edildiği sahaya göre sermayeleşebilen eğilimlerin edinimi neticesinde ortaya çıkar. Eğilim edinimi ise hem psişik hem de sosyal bir süreçtir. Dolayısıyla klinik psikanalizin duygulanımsal yatırım, özdeşleşim, yansıtma ve defans (savunma) mekanizması gibi kavramlarından yararlanmaksızın belirli sınıflara özgü eğilimlerin oluşumu anlaşılamaz: Sınıf çözümlemesi eksik kalır. Bu çerçevede Britanya psikososyal sınıf yazınının sınıf habitusunun oluşumu/krizine üzerine çalışmaları Türkiye sınıf araştırmaları için ufuk açıcı bir örnek teşkil etmektedir.

PSYCHOSOCIAL ANALYSIS IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY OF CLASS

The Turkish critical class studies have sought to understand class identity and consciousness by merely focusing on structure or agency. Although evidences of those studies focusing on workplace and labour process are important in explaining class consciousness and identity, they have simply ignored psycho-social processes in the debates of class formation. As a preliminary conceptual work, this paper suggests a psychoanalytically-inflected psychosocial approach, in understanding and explaining the processes of habitus formation and crises of differing social classes. Certain cultural practices required by a class position ensue from the acquisition of dispositions that make possible very those practices and that may function to be a capital as to the field in which to be performed. The acquisition of disposition is both a psychic and social process. Without clinical psychoanalytical concepts such as affective investment, identification, projection, defence mechanism, the formation of dispositions belonging to definite classes cannot be well understood: The analysis of class would be inadequate. The British psychosocial class literature on the formation/crisis of class habitus tends to be quite seminal for the Turkish social class studies.

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