Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Açık Alanda Yetiştirilen Biberlerde Bazı Virüslerin Serolojik ve Moleküler Tanısı

Bu çalışma, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’ni oluşturan Adana, Mersin, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş ve Osmaniye illerinde açıkta biber yetiştiriciliği yapılan alanlarda mevcut virüslerin saptanması, örneklerde yaygınlığının belirlenmesi, virüs izolatlarının elde edilmesi ve muhafazası amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmalar kapsamında 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında yapılan surveylerde, virüs benzeri hastalık belirtisi gösteren toplam 1225 adet biber bitkisi örneği alınmıştır. Bu örneklerde Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), Potato X virus (PVX), Potato Y virus (PVY), Tobacco etch virus (TEV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) ve Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) varlığı Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) ve Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) yöntemleri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Testlenen örneklerin 728 adedinin 10 farklı virüs etmeni ile tekli, ikili ve çoklu enfeksiyon şeklinde bulaşık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Biber örneklerinde virüs etmenlerinin bulunma oranı yüzde ile belirleme metodu kullanılarak %59.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. İki yılın ortalamasında %33.68 bulunma oranı ile CMV ilk sırayı almıştır. Bunu sırasıyla %22.26 ile TEV, %19.64 ile PVY, %11.38 ile PVMV, %4.66 ile TSWV, %3.3 ile PepMoV, %1.52 ile PMMoV, %1.42 ile ToMV %1.08 ile TMV ve AMV izlemiştir. Testlenen örneklerde ChiVMV, PVX ve TYLCV etmenleri bulunmamıştır.

Serological and Molecular Detection of Some Viruses in Open-Field Peppers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

The aim of this study is to identify the viruses present in pepper plants, to determine the prevalence of these viruses in the pepper samples, to obtain and maintain virus isolates collected from the open fields in Adana Mersin, Hatay, Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. In the surveys conducted within the scope of the studies, totally 1225 samples of pepper plants showing virus-like diseases were collected in 2014 and 2015 years. In these samples, Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), Potato X virus (PVX), Potato Y virus (PVY), Tobacco etch virus (TEV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) were investigated. The presence of these viruses in the pepper samples were determined using double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Among tested samples, 728 were infected as single, double and/or multiple infections of ten different viruses. The infection ratio in pepper samples was determined as 59.4% by using the percentage determination method. As an average of two years, CMV was the most common virus with the infection ratio of 33.68%. This was followed by TEV (22.26%), PVY (19.64), PVMV (11.38%), TSWV (4.66%), PepMoV (3.3%), PMMoV (1.52%), ToMV (1.42%), TMV and AMV (1.08%). In the tested samples ChiVMV, PVX and TYLCV were not found.

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