Spirulina Mikroalginin Besinsel Özellikleri ve Sağlık Üzerine Potansiyel Etkileri

Dünya nüfusunun hızlı artışına paralel olarak besin takviyelerine olan ilgi de artarak devam etmektedir. İnsan beslenmesindeki ilk kullanımı çok eski dönemlere dayanan alglerin besin takviyesi olarak kullanımı son yıllarda artış göstermiştir. Özellikle Spirulina en çok tüketilen mikroalg cinslerinden biridir. Spirulina hap, tablet, kapsül, toz ve jel formlarında besin takviyesi olarak kullanılmasının yanı sıra besin değerini arttırmak ve sağlık etkilerinden yararlanmak için çeşitli gıda ürünlerine eklenmektedir. Literatürdeki güncel veriler Spirulina’nın obezite, tip 2 diyabet gibi hastalıklar üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabileceğini göstermektedir. Spirulina’nın bu olumlu etkileri besin ögesi içeriği ve antioksidan ve anti-inflamatuvar aktivitelere sahip biyoaktif bileşen içeriği ile ilişkilidir. Olumlu sağlık etkilerinin yanı sıra Spirulina’yı besin takviyesi olarak kullanmanın bazı potansiyel riskleri bulunmaktadır. Bazı çalışmalarda Spirulina takviyelerinde ağır metal, siyanotoksin ve polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, Spirulina’nın sağlık üzerine olumlu etkileri ve potansiyel risklerine ilişkin özelliklerini irdelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antioksidan, Besin takviyesi, Mikroalg, Sağlık, Spirulina

Nutritional Properties of Spirulina Microalgae and Its Potential Effects on Human Health

In parallel with the rapid increase in the world population, the interest on the use of dietary supplements continues to increase. Although the use of algae in human nutrition dates back to ancient times, their use as a dietary supplement has increased in recent years. Especially Spirulina is one of the most widely consumed microalgae. In addition to its use as a dietary supplement in pills, tablets, capsules, powder, and gels, Spirulina has been integrated into various food products to increase its nutritional value and to benefit from its effects on human health. Current data in the literature show that Spirulina may have positive effects on diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes. These positive effects of Spirulina are related to its nutrient content and bioactive compounds showing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Apart from the positive health effects, there are some potential risks in using Spirulina as a dietary supplements. In some studies, heavy metals, cyanotoxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons has been detected in Spirulina supplements. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the positive effects and potential risks of Spirulina on human health.

Keywords:

Antioxidant, Dietary supplement, Health, Microalgae, Spirulina,

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