Çevresel Kalite, Küreselleşme ve Kurumlar Arasındaki İlişki: G-20 Ülkeleri İçin Bir Analiz

Küreselleşme, hem gelişmiş ülkeler, hem de gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ülkeler için önemli sosyo-ekonomik ve politik etkiler yaratan bir unsurdur. Ülkeler arasındaki sınırların kalkmasıyla birlikte artan ekonomik hareketlilik üretim artışını beraberinde getirmekle birlikte, doğal kaynakların sürdürülebilirliği ve çevresel unsurlar açısından olumsuz sonuçların oluşabilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu durum, ülkelerin sürdürülebilirliği ve çevresel kaliteyi dikkate alan ekonomik politikalara olan ilgisini artırmıştır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada G-20 ülkeleri için çevresel kalite, küreselleşme ve kurumlar arasındaki dinamik ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. 1990-2018 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada panel nedensellik ve panel eşbütünleşme yöntemi kullanılarak çalışmaya konu olan 19 ülke için çevresel kalite, küreselleşme, kurumlar, yenilenebilir enerji ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkinin geçerliliği ve yönü incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, uzun dönemde çevresel kalite ve küreselleşme arasında nedensellik ilişkisi varken, çevresel kalite ve kurumlar arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, ülkeler bazında değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin boyutu farklılaşmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Küreselleşme, çevresel kalite, kurumsal kalite, G-20 ülkeleri, panel veri analizi

The Relationship between Environmental Quality, Globalization and Institutions: An Analysis for G-20 Countries Case

Globalization is an important factor that creates socio-economic and political effects for both developed countries and developing, underdeveloped countries. Economic mobility which increased with disappearance of the borders between countries, ensured increasing in global production level. However, it also caused negative consequences in terms of sustainability of natural resources and environmental factors. This has increased the interest of countries in socio-economic policies that consider the sustainability and environmental quality. In this context, this paper aims to examine the dynamic relationship between environmental quality, globalization and institutions for G-20 countries. The study examines validity and direction of the relationship between environmental quality, globalization, institutions, renewable energy and economic growth for these 19 countries covering the period of 1990-2018 by using panel causality and panel cointegration methods. According to the results of the study, in the long term, it is determined that while there is a causal relationship between environmental quality and globalization, there is no causality relationship between environmental quality and institutions. On the other hand, the extent of the relationship of variables differs across countries.

Keywords:

Globalization, environmental quality, institutions, G-20 countries, panel data analysis,

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