Doğum şekli ve doğum sonrası faktörlerin oral alışkanlıklara etkisi var mıdır?

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortodontik anomalilere sebep olabilen oral alışkanlıkların görülme sıklıklarını incelemek ve doğum şekli ve doğum sonrası faktörlerle (anne sütü alımı ve kardeş sayısı) ilişkisini saptamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı’na 2012-2015 yılları arasında başvuran, 48’i erkek, 92’si kız olmak üzere toplamda 140 çocuğun (yaş ortalaması: 13.56±2.34 yıl) anamnez ve muayene formlarındaki bilgiler değerlendirildi. Çocukların doğum şekli (normal/sezaryen doğum), anne sütü alıp/almama durumu, kardeş sayıları ve oral alışkanlıklarının (parmak veya dudak emme, tırnak yeme, diş sıkma, anormal yutkunma ve ağız solunumu) bulunup bulunmadığı tespit edildi. Ardından doğum şekli, anne sütü alımı ve kardeş sayısının oral alışkanlık ile ilişkisi değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel değerlendirme için ki-kare testi kullanıldı ve p<0.05 değeri anlamlı olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Bireylerin %35.7’sinde (n=50; 29 kız, 21 erkek) oral alışkanlık mevcuttu. Anne sütü almamış bireylerde oral alışkanlık görülme oranı anne sütü almış bireylere göre daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.001). Doğum şekli ve kardeş sayısının oral alışkanlıklar ile ilişkisi bulunmadı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Anne sütü alımı oral alışkanlıkların görülme riskini azaltabilmektedir.

Does the type of delivery and postpartum factors affect oral habits?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of oral habits, which may cause orthodontic anomalies, and determine their relationship between the type of delivery and postpartum factors (breastfeeding and number of siblings). Materials and Method: Medical history and examination forms of 140 children (48 male and 92 female, mean age: 13.56±2.34 years) referred to Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics between 2012 and 2015 were evaluated. The type of delivery (normal/cesarean section), breastfeeding status, the number of siblings and oral habits (finger or lip sucking, nail eating, tooth clenching, abnormal swallowing, and mouth breathing) of the children were determined. Then, the relationship between the presence of oral habits and the type of delivery, breastfeeding status, and the number of siblings were analyzed. Chi-square test was used for the statistical evaluation, and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Oral habits were present in 35.7% of the subjects (n=50, 29 females, 21 males). The prevalence of oral habits was found to be significantly higher in subjects who did not receive breast milk than those who received breast milk (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the presence of oral habits and the type of delivery and number of siblings (p>0.05). Conclusion: Breastfeeding may reduce the risk of oral habits.

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