Soya Bitkisindeki Glutatyon Redüktaz Aktivitesi ve mRNA Seviyesinin Kuraklık Stresinde Salisilik Asit ile Değişimleri

Bu çalışma, kuraklık stresi ve salisilik asitin (SA) soya bitkisindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, su stresine maruz bırakılan soya bitkisindeki SA, reaktif oksijen türleri (ROS) ve glutatyon redüktaz (GR) enzimi arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Soya fasulyesi (Glycine max L. cv.) bitkileri serada kum tepsilere ekilerek büyütülmüştür. İkinci yaprak tamamen çıktığında bitkilerin yarısı bir hafta süreyle kuraklığa maruz bırakılmıştır. Bir haftanın sonunda hem kontrol hemde kuraklık stres grupları SA (200 ?mol/L) ile muamele edilmiş ve iki gün sonra tüm gruplardan kesimler alınmıştır. Kontrol, kontrol+SA, kuraklık, kuraklık+SA muameleli yapraklarda glutatyon redüktaz aktivitesi ve mRNA seviyeleri ölçülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, 200 ?mol/L SA muamelesi kontrol şartlarında GR aktivitesini önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Kuraklık muameleli yapraklarda, kontroller ile karşılaştırıldığında, GR enzim aktivitesinin arttığı gözlenmiştir. Ancak su stresi altında SA muamelesi ile GR enzim aktivitesi önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. GR enzimini kodlayan genlerin transkripsiyon seviyeleri real-time PCR (Polimeraz zincirleme tepkimesi) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. SA muamelesi kuraklığa maruz kalan soya yapraklarının GR-RNA seviyelerini hızlı bir şekilde azaltmıştır.

Glutathione Reductase Activity in Soybean Plants and Changes in mRNA Levels with Salicylic Acid in Drought Stress

This study was carried to evaluate the effect of drought stress and salicylic acid (SA) treatments in soybean plants. Soybean (Glycinemax L. cv.) plants were grown to sown in trays of sand in greenhouse. When the second leaf was fully expanded, half of the plants were exposed to drought stress for one week. At the end of one week, half of the plants in the both control and drought stress groups were treated with SA (200 ?mol/L) and two days later was taken cuttings from the whole. The activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and levels of mRNA have been measured in control, control-SA treatment, drought treament and drought-SA treatment leaves. In this study, 200 ?mol/L SA treatment significantly has been increased GR activity in control conditions. Drought treated leaves have been observed elevated in the activities of the GR enzyme, compared to controls. But, under medium water deficit, GR activity significantly reducing with SA treatment. The transcript levels of the genes encoding GR enzyme have been measured using quantitative real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). SA treatment has decreased rapidly GR -RNA levels of soybean leaves exposed to drought stress.

___

  • [1] Kuşvuran Ş, Kavunlarda Kuraklık ve Tuzluluğa Toleransın Fzyolojik Mekanizmaları Arasındaki Bağlantılar. Doktora Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi:Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2010.
  • [2] Reddy AR, Chaitanya KV, Jutur PP, Sumithra K. Differential Antioxidative Responses to Water Stress Among Five Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2004; 52: 33- 42.
  • [3] Simaei MR, Khavari-Nejad A, Bernard F. Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid and Nitric Oxide on the Ionic Contents and Enzymatic Activities in NaCl-Stressed Soybean Plants. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 2012; 3:1495- 1503.
  • [4] Bano A, Ullah F, Nosheen A. Role of abscisic acid and drought stress on the activities of antioxidant enzymes in wheat. Plant Soil Environ . 2012; 58(4): 181-185.
  • [5] Tasgın E, Atıcı Ö, Nalbantoğlu B, Popova LP. Effects of salicylic acid and cold treatments on protein levels and on the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the apoplast of winter wheat leaves. Phytochem 2006; 67;710-715.
  • [6] Contour-Ansel D, Torres-Franklın LM, Cruz de Carvalho MH, D'arcy-Lameta A, Zuily-Fodil Y. Glutathione Reductase in Leaves of Cowpea: Cloning of Two cDNAs, Expression and Enzymatic Activity under Progressive Drought Stress. Desiccation and Abscisic Acid Treatment. Ann of Bot 2006; 98: 1279-1287.
  • [7] Pastori G, Foyer CH, Mullineaux P. Low temperature-induced changes in the distribution of H2O2 and antioxidants between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves. J Exp Bot 2000; 51: 107-113.
  • [8] Vasconcelos ACF, Zhang X, Ervin EH, Kiehl JC. Enzymatıc Antioxidant Responses to Biostimulants ın Maize and Soybean Subjected To Drought, Sci. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.) 2009; 66(3):395-402.
  • [9] Kaminaka H, Morita S, Nakajima M, Masumura T, Tanaka K. Gene Cloning and Expression of Cytosolic Glutathione Reductase in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.). Plant Cell Physiol 1998;39(12): 1269- 1280.
  • [10] Jiang M, Zhang J. Water stress-induced abscisic acid accumulation triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize leaves. J Exp Bot 2002; 53(379): 2401-2410.
  • [11]. http://frodo.wi.mit.edu, erişim tarihi Ocak, 2017.
  • [12] Cruz de Carvalho M.H., Contour-Ansel D. (h)GR, beans and drought stress. Plant Sig&Beh 2008; 3(10): 834-835.
  • [13] Bahari AA, Sokhtesaraei R, Chaghazardı HR, Masoudi F, Nazarlı H. Effect of water deficit stress and foliar Application of salicylic acid on Antioxidants enzymes activity in leaves of Thymus daenensıs subsp. Lancifolius. Cercetari Agronomice în Moldova 2015; XLVIII (1): 161.
  • [14] Ünyayar S, Çekiç FO. Changes in Antioxidative Enzymes of Young and Mature Leaves of Tomato Seedlings under Drought Stress, Turk J Biol 2005; 29:211-216.
  • [15] Kang G, Li G, Xu W, Peng X, Han Q. Zhu,Y., Guo T. Proteomics reveals the effects of salicylic acid on growth and tolerance to subsequent drought stress in wheat. J Prot Res 2012; 11: 6066-6079.
  • [16] Zarghami M, Shoor M, Ganjali A, Moshtaghi N, Tehranifar A. Effect of salicylic acid on morphological and Ornamental characteristics of petunia hybrida at drought stress. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences 2014; 4(3): 523-532.
  • [17] Zhao YQ, Zhang CL, Zhang W, Li LN, Zhang GM. Molecular detection of Thielaviopsis basicola by PCR assay. Acta Phytopat Sin 2009; 39: 23-29.
  • [18] Miura K, Tada Y. Regulation of water, salinity, and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Plant Physiology 2014; 5:1-12.
  • [19] Zeshuang S, Guoying J, Yingchun L, Yuxian Z. Decrement of catalase mRNA level after salicylic acid treatment. Chinese Sci Bull 1998; 43:4