CAD/CAM yüksek dayanımlı cam seramikler
Hastaların her geçen gün daha estetik ve hızlı tedavi beklentileri arttıkça, dijital diş hekimliğindeki gelişmeler de hızlanmıştır. Yeni restoratif meteryaller ile tek seansta üretimi mümkün kılan bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve üretim (CAD/CAM) teknolojisi, bu beklentileri karşılar hale gelmiştir. Dental porselenlerin temelini oluşturan feldspatik porselen ve lösitle güçlendirilmiş cam seramiklerin düşük bükülme dayanımı gibi dezavantajlarını elimine etmek amacıyla, seramik yapıya güçlendirici maddeler eklenmiştir. Bu durum tabaklama gerektirmeyen monolitik materyalleri geliştirmiştir. Böylece kor materyali gereksinimi ortadan kalkmıştır ve dolayısı ile porselen-kor bağlantısındaki sorunlar elimine edilmiştir. Sonuçta yapısal bütünlüğü daha güçlü, CAD/CAM üretimine uygun hazır disk ve bloklar kullanıma sunulmuştur. Bu disk ve bloklar yapıya; lityum disilikat, zirkonyum oksit, aluminyum oksit, lösit ve rezin kompozit gibi maddeler eklenerek çeşitli üretim teknikleriyle üretilmektedirler. Bu materyallerin hangi klinik durumlarda tercih edileceği ise; materyalin mekanik, optik ve biyouyumluluk özelliğine göre belirlenmektedir. Bu derlemede ise son zamanlarda popüler hale gelen yüksek dayanımlı cam seramiklerin güncel literatür desteği ile materyal özellikleri incelenmiştir.
CAD/CAM high strength glass ceramics
Day by day, developments in digital dentistry are accelerated with the increase of patient’s improved faster and aesthetic treatment expectations. Computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD / CAM) technology makes it possible to manufacture restorations in a single appointment with new restorative materials that meets these expectations of the patients. In order to eliminate the disadvantages of feldspatic porcelain and leucite-reinforced glass ceramics, which is the basis of dental porcelain with low flexural strength, has been added to the ceramic structure for reinforcement of the materials. This has improved monolithic materials that do not require veneering. Thus, the core material has not been needed, and therefore problems with porcelain-core connection have been eliminated. Consequently, prefabricated discs and blocks with stronger structural integrity are available for CAD/CAM. These discs and blocks are made with various production techniques by adding materials such as lithium disilicate, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, leucite and resin composite. The clinical situation in which these materials are to be used is determined by the mechanical, optical and biocompatibility of the material. In this review, recent literature support and material properties of high strength glass ceramics, which became popular recently, were examined.
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