Özgür FIRAT, Özge FIRAT, Hikmet Yeter ÇOĞUN, Tüzin AYTEKİN, Gülbin FRİDİN, Özge TEMİZ, Hazal SAĞ, Ferit KARGIN

Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nün Kirli ve Temiz Bölgelerinden Yakalanan Balıkların (Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843, Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811, Chondrostoma regium Heckel, 1843, Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758) Dokularındaki Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nün evsel ve endüstriyel atık sularıyla kirlenen Sitilce ve göreceli olarak temiz bölge olan Samsat bölgelerinden dört farklı balık türü, 2013 yılının Ağustos ayında yakalanmıştır. Silurus triostegus, Chalcalburnus tarichi, Chondrostoma regium ve Carassius carassius türlerinin balıkların solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokularındaki Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb ve Cr düzeyleri İndüktif olarak Birleştirilmiş Plazma Optik Emisyon Spektrometresi (ICP-OES) cihazıyla belirlenmiştir. Metal düzeylerinin çalışma bölgelerinden etkilendiği ve tüm örneklerin dokularındaki en yüksek metal düzeylerinin kirli bölgede daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sitilce ve Samsat örneklerinin kas dokularındaki en yüksek metal düzeyleri µg/g kuru ağırlık olarak sırasıyla; 0,75 ve 0,18 (Cu); 22,58 ve 7,42 (Zn); 27,11 ve 7,22 (Fe); 0,09 ve Saptanamadı (SP) (Cd), 0,29 ve SP (Pb), 0,13 ve SP (Cr) olarak bulunmuştur. Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nün Sitilce bölgesindeki balıkların kas dokularında önemli düzeylerde ağır metallerin biriktiği ancak bu değerlerin yasal olarak izin verilen limitlerin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Atatürk Baraj Gölü, ağır metal, kirlilik, balık

Comparison of Heavy Metal Concentrations inTissues of Fish (Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843, Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811, Chondrostoma regium Heckel, 1843, Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758) from Polluted and Non-polluted Areas in the Atatürk Dam Lake

In the present investigation, four different fish species were caught from Sitilce, polluted area by both industrial and domestic sources, and Samsat, relatively clean area, in the Atatürk dam lake in August 2013. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb, and Cr in gill, liver and muscle tissues of Silurus triostegus, Chalcalburnus tarichi, Chondrostoma regium, and Carassius carassius were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). It was found that the concentrations of metals were significantly affected by the sampling sites and were higher in all samples collected from polluted areas. The maximum metal concentrations in muscle tissues of fish species from Sitilce and Samsat were as follows: 0.75 and 0.18 (Cu); 22.58 and 7.42 (Zn); 27.11 and 7.22 (Fe); 0.09 and Not detected (ND) (Cd), 0.29 and ND (Pb), 0.13 and ND (Cr) µg/g dry wt., respectively. In the present study, it was observed that heavy metal levels were significantly higher in fish muscle tissue from the Sitilce site compared to Samsat site in the Atatürk Dam Lake; however, these levels were below permissible limits.

Keywords:

Atatürk Dam Lake heavy metal, pollution, fish, tissue,

PDF

___

Alhas, E., Oymak, S.A. & Karadede-Akin, H. (2009). Heavy metal concentrations in two barb, Barbus xanthopterus and Barbus rajanorum mystaceus from Atatürk Dam Lake, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 148, 11–18. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-0134-0
Anonim (2005). Atatürk Baraj Gölü Yeniden Maviye Döndü. Su Dünyası Dergisi, 22, 34–35.
Canli, M., Ay, Ö. & Kalay, M. (1998). Levels of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni) in tissue of Cyprinus carpio, Barbus capito and Chondrostoma regium from the Seyhan River, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 22, 149–157.
Çoğun, H.Y., Yüzereroğlu, T.A., Firat, Ö., Gök, G. & Kargin, F. (2006). Metal concentrations in fish species from the northeast Mediterranean Sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 121, 431–438. doi: 10.1007/s10661-005-9142-0
Dural, M., Göksu, M.Z.L. & Özak, A.A. (2007). Investigation of heavy metal levels in economically important fish species captured from the Tuzla lagoon. Food Chemistry, 102, 415–421. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.03.001
FAO (1983). Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products. FAO Fish Circ, 464, 5-100.
Fırat, Ö., Kargin & F., Korkmaz, S. (2010). Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nde ekonomik öneme sahip balıklardaki ağır metal düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Sonuç Raporu, Proje Numarası FEFBAP2008/0004, Adıyaman, 1-16.
Grobler, E., Du Perez, H.H. & Van Vuren, J.H.J. (1989). Toxic effects of zinc and iron on the routine oxygen consumption of Tilapia spanmani Cichilidae. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 9(1), 207-214.
Karadede, H. & Ünlü, E. (2000). Concentrations of some heavy metals in water, sediment and fish species from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates), Turkey. Chemosphere, 41, 1371–1376. doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00563-9
Karadede, H., Oymak, S.A. & Ünlü, E. (2004). Heavy metals in mullet, Liza abu, and catfish, Silurus triostegus, from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates), Turkey. Environment International, 30, 183–188. doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00169-7
Kargin, F. (1998). Metal concentrations in tissues of the freshwater fish Capoeta barroisi from the Seyhan River (Turkey). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 60, 822–828.
Liang, Y., Cheung, R.Y.H. & Wong, M.H. (1999). Reclamation of wastewater for polyculture of freshwater fish: Bioaccumulation of trace metals in fish. Water Research, 33, 2690–2700.
Rashed, M.N. (2001). Monitoring of environmental heavy metals in fish from Nasser lake. Environment International, 27, 27–33. doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00050-2
USEPA (2000). Guidance for assessing chemical contaminant, data for use in fish advisories, vol.1. Fish sampling and Analysis. 3rd ed. EPA 823-R-95-007. Office of Water: Washington, DC.
Uysal, K., Emre, Y. & Köse, E. (2008). The determination of heavy metal accumulation ratios in muscle, skin and gills of some migratory fish species by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in Beymelek Lagoon (Antalya/Turkey). Microchemical Journal, 90, 67-70. doi:10.1016/j.microc.2008.03.005
Van Dyk, J.C., Pieterse, G.M. & Van Vuren, J.H.J. (2007). Histological Changes in the Liver of Oreochromis mossambicus (Cichlidae) after Exposure to Cadmium and Zinc. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 66, 432–440. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.10.012