TÜRKİYE TARIM SEKTÖRÜNDE ÜRÜNLER BAZINDA ETKİNLİK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 2010 - 2016 döneminde Türkiye tarım sektöründe üretimi yapılan 61 adet bitkisel ürünün Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ve VZA Tabanlı Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik (MTFV) Endeksi kullanılarak etkinliklerinin ölçülmesi ve değerlendirme altındaki yıllar arasında etkinlik değişmelerinin gözlemlenmesidir. Yapılan analizlerde, her bir bitkisel ürün, karar birimi olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Etkinlik analizlerini takiben, dönemler arasındaki etkinlik değişimini değerlendirmek amacıyla Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi analizleri yapılmıştır. Böylelikle, 2010 - 2016 yılları arasındaki Türkiye düzeyinde ürün üretim süreç etkinlik değişmeleri gözlemlenebilmiş ve değerlendirme altındaki dönemler arasında etkinlik skorlarını karşılaştırılabilme imkânı sağlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar ile Türk tarım sektörü üzerine makro boyutta bir bakış açısı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Etkinlik analizlerinde, 2010 - 2016 yılları arasında Türk tarımında en yüksek sayıda etkin birime sebzeler kategorisinde ulaşılmıştır. Malmquist TFV Endeksindeki en büyük ilerleme % 40,2 ile çavdar biriminde, en büyük gerileme ise % 31,8 ile pırasa biriminde gözlenmiştir. Kategorik açıdan değerlendirildiğinde, Malmquist TFV Endeksinde en büyük ilerlemeyi meyveler, içecek ve baharat bitkileri sergilemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tarımsal Etkinlik, Etkinlik Ölçümü, Veri Zarflama Analizi, Etkinlikteki Değişme, Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği

THE PRODUCT-BASED EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF TURKISH AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

The main purpose of this study is to measure efficiency and to observe efficiency change of produced 61 crops in the Turkish agricultural sector in 2010 - 2016 period with using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and DEA-based Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index. Each crop was considered as a decision-making unit in both of analysis. Following the efficiency analysis, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index analysis was performed to evaluate the efficiency change between the periods. Thus, efficiency change of crop production process in Turkish agricultural sector between the years 2010 - 2016 could be observed and the opportunity to compare their efficiency scores has been achieved between the periods under evaluation. The aim is to provide a macro perspective on Turkish agriculture sector with the results obtained. In efficiency analysis, the highest number of efficient units in Turkish agriculture is found in the vegetables category during 2010 - 2016. The highest increase rate of Malmquist TFV index was observed in rye unit with 40.2% and the biggest decrease rate was observed in leek unit with 31,8 %. In terms of categories, the biggest progress on the Malmquist TFP index was indicated by fruits, beverages and spice crops.

Keywords:

Agricultural Efficiency Efficiency Measurement, , Data Envolopment Analysis, Efficiency Change, Malmquist Total Factor Productivitiy Index,

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