Ruh Sağlığı Alanında İyileşme Yaklaşımı Ve Psikiyatrik Sosyal Hizmet

Bu makalede iyileşme yaklaşımının kısa tarihsel ve düşünsel arka planı sunulmakta ve yaklaşımın temel unsurları sosyal hizmet ile ilişkisi bağlamında değerlendirilmektedir. İyileşme yaklaşımını temel alarak ortaya konmuş bir uygulama modeli ele alınarak, yaklaşımın psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet uygulamaları, sosyal hizmet eğitimi ve araştırması için önemi ortaya konmaktadır. Psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet alanında özelleşmiş sosyal hizmet uzmanları psikiyatrik tedavi sürecinin tüm aşamalarında yer alabilir, ruh sağlığı sistemlerini ve politikalarını yönetebilir ve yönlendirebilirler. Sosyal hizmet disiplini patoloji odaklı modern psikiyatriye yaptığı eleştiri ile engellilik hareketi, kadın hareketi, hizmet alan hareketi gibi hareketlerle birlikte eleştirel psikiyatri akımının doğmasına zemin hazırlayan kaynaklar arasındadır. Söz konusu modern psikiyatri eleştirileri ruh sağlığı alanında iyileşme yaklaşımını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Son yıllarda ruh sağlığı alanındaki uygulamaları ve ülkelerin ruh sağlığı politikalarını dönüştüren iyileşme yaklaşımı, sosyal hizmet mesleğinin temel ilke ve değerleri ile örtüşmektedir. Bu nedenlerle iyileşme yaklaşımı hem psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet alanındaki sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına yön verebilir, hem de ruh sağlığı sistemlerinin sosyal hizmet bakış açısına uyumlu şekilde dönüştürülmesine öncülük edebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İyileşme yaklaşımı, ruh sağlığı, psikiyatrik sosyal hizmet

Recovery Approach in Mental Health Field and Psychiatric Social Work

In this article, the historical and intellectual backgrounds of the recovery approach are presented and the core elements of the approach are discussed in relation to social work. Besides presenting a practice model, which is developed on the basis of the recovery approach, the importance of the approach for psychiatric social work, social work education, and research is put forward. Social workers specialized in the area of psychiatric social work can take part in every phase of the psychiatric treatment process, administer and guide mental health systems and policies. Social work discipline has also criticized deficit-oriented modern psychiatry and prepared the ground for the birth of critical psychiatry together with other sources of criticisms such as the disability movement, women’s movement, or service user movement. These criticisms led to the emergence of the recovery approach in mental health. The recovery approach, which has transformed mental health systems and policies in recent years, is in harmony with the core principles and values of social work profession. Therefore, the recovery approach can both guide psychiatric social work practice and pioneer in transforming mental health systems in harmony with social work perspective.

Keywords:

Recovery approach, mental health, psychiatric social work,

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