ELYAF ORANININ BAZALT ELYAF TAKVİYELİ POLİLAKTİK ASİT (PLA) KOMPOZİTLERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Kompozit malzemelerin yaygın kullanımı araştırmacıları bu alanda kullanılacak sürdürülebilir hammaddeler üzerinde araştırma yapmaya yöneltmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ekstrüzyon ve bunu takiben basınçlı kalıplama yöntemi ile sürdürülebilir termoplastikpolilaktik asit (PLA) matrislikompozit malzemeler üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Doğal inorganik bir elyaf kaynağı olarak, 3 mm kırpılmış bazalt elyaflar ağırlıkça % 50 elyaf oranına kadar farklı oranlarda doğal kaynaklardan üretilmiş PLA matrise takviye edilmiştir. Kompozitpellet üretimi için tek vidalı ekstrüder ve ardından sıcak presleme işlemi ile kompozit paneller üretilmiştir. Hazırlanan bütün kompozit numuneler üzerinde yoğunluk, çekme, eğme ve darbe deneyleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, bazalt elyaf takviye oranının artması ile kompozit malzemelerin yoğunluğunun arttığını göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda, artan elyaf oranı ile PLA kompozitlerin çekme, eğilme elastikiyet modüllerinin lineer şekilde artığı ve saf PLA ya göre yaklaşık %180 artış sağlanmıştır. İstatistik değerlendirme sonucunda ağırlıkça %45 elyaf oranında bazalt elyaf içeren PLA kompozitlerinin diğer elyaf oranlarına göre önemli derecede farka sahip olduğu ve sırasıyla 53,73 MPa, 118 MPa ve 1,49 kJ/m2 olmak üzere en yüksek çekme, eğme ve darbe dayanımına sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bazalt elyaf, Polilaktik asit, Kompozit, Mekanik özellikler, Basınçlı kalıplama

EFFECT OF FIBRE CONTENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBRE REINFORCED POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA) COMPOSITES

A widespread use of composite materials leads researchers to search for sustainable raw materials. In the present work, a sustainable thermoplastic polylactic acid (PLA) based composite materials were aimed to produce by extrusion followed with compression moulding method. The chopped basalt fibres with the length of 3 mm were also used as natural inorganic fibre source to reinforce PLA matrices obtained natural resources with the different contents until 50% by weight. Composite pellets were manufactured by a single screw extruder and followed composite panels were manufactured in the hot compression moulding machine. All of the composite samples were experimented to density, tensile, bending and impact tests. The results indicated that the density of the composite materials increase with the increasing of the content of basalt fibres. Besides, the increment of fibre content and about 180% increase compare to pure PLAlinearly enhanced the tensile and flexural modulus of composite materials. As a result of statistical evaluation, basalt fibre reinforcedPLA composites at fibre content of45 wt% were found to have significant difference among other fibre contents and had highest tensile, flexural and impact strength results of 53.73 MPa, 118 MPa and 1.49 kJ/m2, respectively.

Keywords:

Basalt fibre, Polylactic acid, Composite, Mechanical properties, Compression moulding,

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