MARGINALIZED MIGRATION, TRENDS AND POLICIES

Göç olgusu zaman içinde deùLüen karakteristik yap×V×na karü×n tarihin tüm zamanlar×nda görülen ve gelecekte de sürmesinin kaç×Q×lmaz görüldüùü sosyal bir olayd×r. Bu sosyal olay×n zaman derinliùi ve sürekliliùi göz önüne al×nd×ù×nda ise onun adeta insan×n varolmas× ile bütünleümiü bir niteliùe sahip olduùu görülmektedir. únsan×n hep daha iyiyi elde etme beklentisinin yaratt×ù× bencillik ile toplumsal yaüamdaki siyasal ve sosyal çat×ümalar×n önlenmesindeki baüar×V×zl×k karü×V×nda bireyin bu ortamdan uzaklaüma isteùi, göç hareketlerinin sürmesindeki ve beslenmesindeki unsurlar× oluüturmaktad×r. Göçün tarihsel sürekliliùine raùmen, günümüzde daha önce olmad×ù× kadar bu sosyal sorunun çözümüne yönelik politika ve gündem oluüturma özelliùine de sahip olduùu görülmektedir. Göçün sorun olarak gündem oluüturmadaki öncüllüùü, daha çok ulusal devletlerin veya uluslararas× organizasyonlar×n egemenlik ve politika belirlemeye yönelik hassasiyetleri kapsam×nda göçe yönelik getirdikleri engellemeler ve N×V×tlamalar karü×V×nda, göç karar×Q× gerçekleütirme arzusunda olan göçmenin bunu informal yollardan oluüturma yolundaki karü×tl×k, hem göçün giderek marjinalleümesine ve hem de hükümetlerin bu olay karü×V×nda etkin olabilme isteùinin çat×ümas×ndan kaynaklanmaktad×r. Bu çal×ümada da daha kompleks bir hal alan göçün formal yap×dan informal yap×ya dönüüümü, geliüimi ve oluüturulan politikalar genel bir çerçeve içinde ele al×narak, bu dönüüüme yol açan geliümelere cevap verilmeye çal×ü×lmaktad×r.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Göç, Yasa Dışı Göç, Düzenleme, Küreselleşme, Marjinal Göç

MARGINALIZED MIGRATION, TRENDS AND POLICIES

Migration is a social phenomenon which was observed throughout history with changing characteristics over time, and which will continue to exist in the future. When the history and sustainability of this social fact are taken into consideration, it is obvious that migration is inherent in human nature. The continuous quests of human beings for better living conditions together with the desire to escape from political and social conflicts constitute the elements that trigger migration. Even though migration was constant throughout history, today it is one of the most important items on the international agenda. Therefore, the attempts to solve this social issue have never been so intense before. National states or international organizations try to solve the migration problem through regulations and restrictions that are put into effect within the framework of their sovereignty and policies. On the other hand, the person who intends to migrate opts to achieve his goal through informal channels, which will lead migration to marginalize. As a response to this, governments try to be more effective in the face of this problem. For these reasons, migration phenomenon continues to take the priority on the agendas. In this study, the transformation of migration which has become more complicated from formal to informal structure, its development, and migration policies will be examined within a general framework; and the reasons of this transformation will be investigated.

Keywords:

Migration, Illegal Migration, Regulation, Globalization, Marginal Migration,

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