Uzay kafes çatı sistemlerinin artan düşey yükler altında sünekliğinin araştırılması

Bu çalışmada uzay kafes çatı sistemlerinin çeşitli yük birikme senaryoları altındaki doğrusal olmayan davranışı, çubuk eleman başlangıç kusurları ve çubuk eleman narinlikleri de dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. MERO düğüm noktasına sahip iki adet örnek uzay kafes çatı sistemi OpenSEES yazılımı üç boyutlu olarak modellenerek analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulonlar, somunlar ve düğüm noktası kürelerinden oluşan her bir çubuk elemanın davranışı tekil çubuklar üzerinde tanımlanarak genel sisteme aktarılmıştır. Her bir çubuk elemanın eksenel yük-yerdeğiştirme davranışları çevrimsel tekrarlı yükler altında analizler gerçekleştirilerek elde edilmiştir. Genel sistem analizleri çatının tamamında, yarısında ve dörtte birinde yağmur suyu veya kar yükü yığılmalarını yansıtacak şekilde belirlenen yükleme altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda uzay kafes çatı sistemlerinin yük yığılmalarına karşı hassas oldukları ve lokal bölgelerde oluşan yük yığılmalarının sistemin taşıma kapasitesini düşürdüğü görülmüştür. Bunun yanında, en ekonomik kesitlerle boyutlandırılan sistemde göçme basınç çubuklarının burkulması ile gevrek bir şekilde meydana gelmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma kapsamında başlangıç kusurlarının çubuk elemanların basınç kapasitelerini düşürdüğü görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Uzay kafes çatı sistemleri MERO düğüm noktası, Başlangıç kusuru, Yük yığılması

On the investigation of providing space truss roofs with ductility until failure under monotonically increasing vertical loads

The aim of this paper is to investigate the nonlinear behavior of space truss roofs subject to different load accumulation forms considering the effect of initial imperfection and slenderness ratio of the truss members. For this, a typical space truss roof using MERO-connection type with flat double-layer was selected as a sample. 3D model of the roof was developed and analyzed by using OpenSEES. Nonlinear behavior of each typical bar of the space truss roof, which, was mainly composed of particular sub-elements such as a tubular element, bolts, sleeves and spheres was represented by a single truss bar. Axial load-displacement relationship of each single truss bar was obtained from nonlinear analysis performed under reversal cyclic loading. Besides, three different types of load distribution that simulates accumulation of rainwater or drifted snow were taken into account as an external load acting on upper layer of the roof system. Analyses results showed that load carrying capacity of the space truss roofs was susceptible to the form of accumulation and reduces abnormally when the accumulation, in particular, occurred locally. Furthermore, failure mode of the system designed with optimal solution was dominated by buckled truss bars and brittle failure occurred. Also initial imperfection had a negative effect on the members in compression.

Keywords:

Space truss roof MERO-connection, Initial imperfection, load accumulation,

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