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Nesnelerin internetine genel bir bakış: Kavram, özellikler, zorluklar ve fırsatlar

Bilgi çağı olarak adlandırılan günümüzde yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar ve uygulamalar internet teknolojisi ve haberleşme alanında birçok yeniliği günlük hayatımıza getirmiştir. Bu süreçte internet sadece insanların değil cihazların/nesnelerin de bağlanabildiği bir ortam haline gelmiştir. Günlük hayatımızda kullandığımız hemen her cihaz internete bağlanabilmektedir ve bunun sonucunda Nesnelerin İnterneti (Nİ) kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Nİ kavramı daha ilk adımlarında olmasına rağmen başarılı uygulamaları pek çok alanda görülebilmektedir. Nİ, uygun bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini kullanarak sanal ve fiziksel nesneleri bağlayarak yeni ve yüksek sınıf uygulama ve hizmet alanları sunan bir gelecek vadetmektedir. Bu çalışmada Nİ kavramı, bileşenleri, mimarisi, uygulama alanları, zorlukları ve geleceği üzerinde durulmakta, ayrıca Nİ alanındaki henüz adreslememiş açık araştırma problemleri analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Nesnelerin İnterneti, akıllı nesneler, RFID etiketleri, kablosuz algılayıcı ağlar

Overview of internet of things: Concept, characteristics, challenges and opportunities

In the age of information, recent researches and applications are brought several innovations to our daily lives in the fields of Internet and communication technologies. Internet becomes an environment that is connectable not only by people but also by things. Today, almost every gadget in our daily life is able to connect to Internet. Such evolution of Internet generated the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. Successful applications of IoT have been demonstrated in many fields. However, IoT is still at its infancy stage. IoT envisions a future in which digital and physical entities can be linked, by means of appropriate information and communication technologies, to enable a whole new class of applications and services. In this article, we presented a survey of concept, characteristics, technologies, applications and research challenges for IoT which have been developed and became popular in recent years. We also analyzed and discussed the open research problems in IoT.

Keywords:

Internet of Things, Smart objects, RFID tags, wireless sensor networks,

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