Değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinleri için geri adımlamalı doğrusal olmayan bir denetleyici tasarımı

Değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinlerinin rotor hızını uygun bir şekilde denetlemek, enerji üretimini ve güç verimliliğini eniyilemek için başvurulabilecek yöntemlerden bir tanesidir. Bu çalışmanın temel hedefi değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinlerinin rotor hızı denetimini sağlayabilecek yapıda özgün bir doğrusal olmayan dayanıklı ve uyarlamalı denetleyici tasarlamaktır. Değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinlerinin mekanik ve elektrik yapıları incelendiğinde geri adımlamalı denetim tasarımı yaklaşımının bu tip sistemler için denetleyici tasarımı gerçeklemeye oldukça uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum göz önünde bulundurularak bu çalışmada sunulan denetleyici yapısı geri adımlamalı denetim tasarımı yaklaşımı kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Denetleyicinin dayanıklı yapısı sistem modeli ve parametreleri hakkında herhangi bir bilgiye ihtiyaç duyulmaksızın denetim hedefine ulaşmaya olanak sağlarken, uyarlamalı yapısı ise denetim esnasında parametrik belirsizlikleri telafi edebilmektedir. Tasarlanan denetleyicinin kuramsal çözümlemesi Lyapunov-tabanlı bir yöntemle tamamlanarak çalışmada sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, tasarlanan denetleyicinin başarımının kuramsal bir ispatı niteliğindedir. Tasarımın başarımını daha net bir şekilde ortaya koymak için ise takip rotası olarak farklı rotor hızı senaryoları kullanılan benzetimler yapılmış ve bu benzetimlerin sonuçlarına çalışmada yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinleri, Doğrusal olmayan denetim, Dayanıklı uyarlamalı denetim, Geri adımlamalı denetim

A backstepping nonlinear control design for variable speed wind turbines

Controlling the rotor speed of variable speed wind turbines properly is one of the most appropriate methods to optimize the energy production and power efficiency of these type of energy production systems. Designing a novel nonlinear robust adaptive controller that is able to provide the rotor speed control of variable speed wind turbines is the main purpose of this study. It was identified that the backstepping control design technique is a feasible way to design a controller for variable speed wind turbines when their mechanical and electrical subsystems are considered. The control design presented in this study is designed via backstepping control design approach by considering this issue. Robust structure of the designed controller provides that it reaches control purpose without using any information about system model and its parameters while it adaptive structure compensates the parametric uncertainties during the control process. Lyapunov-based arguments are used to complete the theoretical analysis of the designed controller. Results of this analysis theoretically prove that the designed controller is able to reach the control purpose. Additionally, performance of the designed controller is demonstrated via numerical simulation results that are realized by considering different desired rotor speed scenarios.

Keywords:

Variable speed wind turbines, Nonlinear control, Robust adaptive control, Backstepping control,

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