FARKLI GELİR GRUPLARINDAKİ ÜLKELERİN KÜRESEL REKABET VE İNSANİ KALKINMA BAKIMINDAN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Küreselleşme ve küresel rekabetin ön plana çıktığı çağımızda, küresel rekabet gücünün insani kalkınma seviyesine yeterince yansıtılıp yansıtılamadığı sorusu sorgulanması gereken önemli konulardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkelerin üç ayrı gelir grubuna (yüksek gelirli, üst-orta gelirli ve alt-orta gelirli) göre küresel rekabet güçlerini, insani kalkınma düzeyine yansıtma konusundaki göreli etkinliklerini Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile belirlemektir. Bu çerçevede, yüksek gelirli ülkeler grubunda 50 ülkenin, üst-orta gelirli ülkeler grubunda 33 ülkenin ve alt-orta gelirli ülkeler grubunda 29 ülkenin verileri kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu ülkelerin 2016 yıllına ait temel gereklilikler (Girdi 1 - G1), verimlilik artırıcı faktörler (Girdi 2 - G2), inovasyon ve çeşitlilik faktörleri (Girdi 3 - G3) girdi olarak; kişi başına düşen milli gelir (GNI) (Çıktı 1 - Ç1), doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresi (Çıktı 2 - Ç2), beklenen okullaşma süresi (Çıktı 3 - Ç3) ve ortalama okullaşma süresi (Çıktı 4 - Ç4) çıktı olarak kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta ortalama etkinlik değerlerine bakıldığında yüksek gelir grubunda bulunan ülkelerin diğer gelir gruplarında yer alan ülkelere göre daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu ve etkin çıkan ülkelerin küresel rekabet gücünü insani kalkınma seviyesine yansıtabilme anlamında performanslarının her etkin ülkenin kendi gelir grubu içerisinde iyi olduğu saptanmıştır.

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