Yavuz GAZİBEY, Ahmet KESER, Yunus GÖKMEN

TÜRKİYE’DE İLLERİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK BOYUTLARI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Bu makalede, Türkiye‟deki tüm iller, sürdürülebilirliğin ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel boyutları açısından “Çok Kriterli Karar Verme” yöntemlerinden biri olan TOPSIS (İdeal Noktalarda Çok Boyutlu Ağırlıklandırma Yöntemi) ile analiz edilmiştir. Şehirlerin durumlarının farklı boyutlar açısından ortaya konması suretiyle, tüm sosyal paydaşların, yönetişim mekanizması çerçevesinde şekillenecek yeni ve farklı kamu politikaları üzerinde anlaşabilecekleri öngörülmüştür. Akademik yazında sürdürülebilirliği ölçmek maksadıyla kullanılan çeşitli indeksler ve göstergeler karşılaştırılmış ve uygulama bölümünde kullanılacak olan sürdürülebilirlik göstergeleri oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada, 81 ilin sürdürülebilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla sosyal, ekonomik ve çevre boyutlarına ilişkin alt boyutlara ait 52 sürdürülebilirlik göstergesi kullanılmıştır. İllerin TOPSIS yöntemiyle analizi sonucunda Şehir Sürdürülebilirliği İndeksine göre sırasıyla Kocaeli, İstanbul ve Ankara ilk üç sırada yer almıştır. Sürdürülebilirlik kapsamında Türkiye‟deki kentlerin analiz edildiği bu araştırmadan elde edilecek bulguların, yeni kamu politikalarının oluşturulması sürecinde, özellikle belediye yönetimleri tarafından yönetişim mekanizmasından istifade edilmesine, tüm sosyal paydaşların fayda ve maliyetleri açısından dengenin sağlanabilmesine ve böylece şehirlerde sürdürülebilir gelişmeye yönelik alınan kararların uygulanabilmesine katkı sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sürdürülebilir şehir, sürdürülebilir kalkınma, yaşam kalitesi, yönetişim, çok kriterli karar verme, TOPSIS

Through this article, all the cities in Turkey have been examined within the frame of economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability via TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), one of the “Multi Criteria Decision Making” methods. It is foreseen that all the social stakeholders of the city may agree on the new and different public policies with the governance mechanism by exposing the status of the cities according to various dimensions. The sustainability indicators for the implementation phase were developed by studying the indexes of the related literature. To assess the sustainability of all 81 cities, 52 sustainability indicators were used as the sub dimensions of the social, economical and environmental dimensions. As a result of the analysis of the cities via TOPSIS method, sequentially Kocaeli, Istanbul and Ankara took the top three positions according to the Sustainability Index of the Cities. It is evaluated that, the findings achieved from this study, in which the cities in Turkey are analyzed within the frame of sustainability, will especially contribute to drawing advantage from the governance mechanism by the municipality administrations in the formation process of new public policies, in the accommodation of a balance between the benefits and the costs of all stakeholders and thus in the applicability of the decisions those were taken for the sake of sustainable development in the cities.

Keywords:

Sustainable city, sustainable development, quality of life, governance, multi criteria decision making, TOPSIS,

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