SEÇİM SINIRLARININ DEĞİŞTİRİLMESİ YOLUYLA TÜRKİYE'DE YENİDEN MERKEZİLEŞME: ANKARA ÖRNEĞİ

Bu araştırma, 2012 yılında yapılan 6360 sayılı kanunla yapılan düzenlemeyle gerçekleşen yerel seçim sınırlarına ilişkin düzenlemenin yeniden merkezileşmeye yol açtığını iddia etmekte ve bunu ampirik olarak kanıtlamaktadır. Bu argümanları kanıtlamak için seçim davranışı ile seçmen profili arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan sivil gönüllülük modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (YSK) ve Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) ile bir gayrimenkul internet sitesi kullanılarak oluşturulan verilerden oluşmaktadır. Bulgular, muhalefet partisinin hâkim olduğu alanların daralmakta olduğunu, bunun da ötesinde söz konusu düzenlemeyi yapan siyasi iktidarın çeperde yer alan kendi egemenliğindeki alanları dahi yereldeki temsilcilerine bırakmayacak kadar merkezden idare etme eğilimine girdiğini göstermektedir. Bu durum seçim sınırlarına ilişkin yapılan düzenlemenin siyasal iktidarın hakimiyet alanını genişletmesinin ötesinde hegemonik bir biçimde Türkiye’de merkezileşme dinamiklerini yeniden harekete geçirdiğini ve bunun gerçekleşmesi için mekanın araçsallaştırıldığını göstermesi açısından önemlidir. 

INSTRUMENTALISATION OF GERRYMANDERING IN RECENTRALIZATION IN TURKEY: THE CASE OF ANKARA

The aim of this research is to demonstrate empirically that gerrymandering takes place specifically in the municipal elections which first started by the law 6360 in 2012 and not only leads to expansion of the political power’s hegemony while limiting the opposition party’s electoral boundary but also centralization. In order to prove this argument, civil voluntarism model, which deals with the relationship between electoral behaviors and voter’s profile, was used. We use data on voter qualifications and election results from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) and the Supreme Electoral Board (SEB), two state institutions. And we also used an economic data we created from a real estate website. The findings show that the areas dominated by the opposition party are shrinking. Furthermore, the findings show that the ruling party that made this regulation tended to be centralized to the extent that it did not leave its domination areas to their local representatives. In this case, the regulation cannot be seen as a simple arrangement about only expanding of electoral boundaries. It also shows that mobilizes the dynamics of recentralization in Turkey. And the place is instrumentalized for this purpose 

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