JEOPOLİTİK SÖYLEMDE PARADİGMATİK DEĞİŞİM VE ELEŞTİREL SÖYLEM ANALİZİ

Bu makale söylem kavramından hareketle jeopolitiğin yeniden kavramsallaştırılmasını tartışarak siyasi coğrafyada yaşanan bilimsel paradigma değişimini, buna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan eleştirel jeopolitik yaklaşımını ve temel önermelerini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte çalışma, hem eleştirel jeopolitik hem de eleştirel söylem analizi perspektifinde ideoloji, iktidar ve söylem ilişkilerinin epistemolojik bağlamlarını değerlendirmektedir. Araştırma nitel analiz yaklaşımı ile betimsel ve parametrik olmayan bir süreç izleyerek eleştirel söylem analizinin temel varsayımlarının ve önermelerinin eleştirel jeopolitik ile ilişkisini inceleyerek eleştirel jeopolitiğin eleştirel söylem analizini metodolojik bir açıyla ele alma durumunu irdelemektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma, eleştirel söylem analizinin metodolojik bir yaklaşım olarak eleştirel jeopolitik araştırmaları için önemini bağlamları ile ortaya koymaktadır.

PARADIGMATIC CHANGE IN GEOPOLITICAL DISCOURSE AND CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

This article aims to discuss the re-conceptualization of geopolitics based on the discourse concept and to explain the scientific paradigm shift in political geography, the critical geopolitical approach and its underlying propositions. Nevertheless, the study evaluates the epistemological contexts of ideology, power and discourse relations from the perspective of both critical geopolitics and critical discourse analysis. The study explores the relationship between critical assumptions and propositions of critical discourse analysis with critical geopolitics by following a portrayal and nonparametric process with qualitative analysis approach and examines the critical discourse analysis of critical geopolitics from a methodological perspective. At this point, in this study, the importance of critical discourse analysis for critical geopolitical research has been put forward with its context.

___

  • Agnew,. J. & Stuart, C. (1995). Mastering Space: Hegemony, Territory and International Political Economy. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Agnew, J. (1998). Geopolitics: Re-visioning World Politics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Anaz, N. (2012). Batı Medyasının Ortadoğu Tasavvuru. İstanbul: İlke Yayınevi.
  • Antaki, C., Billig, M., Edwards, D. & Potter, J. (2003). Discourse analysis means doing analysis: A critique of six analytic shortcomings. In Discourse Analysis Online 1.
  • Dalby, S. (1990). Creating the Second World War. New York: Gilford Press.
  • Dodds, K. (2001). Political geography III: Critical Geopolitics After Ten Years. Progress in Human Geography, 25(3), 469-484.
  • Dodds, K. (2007). Geopolitics a Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University.
  • Fairclough, N. (1993). Critical discourse analysis and the marketization of public discourse: The universities. Discourse&Society . 4(2), 133-168.
  • Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.
  • Fairclough, N. (1996). Discourse and Social Change. London: Polity Press.
  • Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical discourse analysis. Discourse studies: A multidisciplinary introduction, 2, 258-284.
  • Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge: Selected interviews &other writings. Colin Gordon (ed.) New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Griffiths, M., Roach, S.C.& Solomon, M.S. (2009). Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations. New York: Routledge.
  • Hakli, J. (1998). Discourse in the production of political space: Decolonizing the symbolism of provinces in Finland. Political Geography, 1(7).
  • Hansen, L. (2006). Security as Practice: Discourse Analysis and the Bosnian War. Londra: Routledge.
  • Johnston, R., Gregory, D., Prat, G. & Watts, M. (2009). The Dictionary of Human Geography. New York: Blackwell.
  • Jorgensen, M. & Phillips, L. J. (2002). Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method. London: SAGE Publications.
  • Kelly, P. (2019). Rescuing classical geopolitics separating geopolitics from realism. International Institute for Global Analyses, 11(2), 41-58..
  • Kuhn, T. (2000). Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı. (Çev. N. Kuyaş). İstanbul: Alan.
  • Laclau, E. & Mouffe, C. (1987). Post-marxism wıthout apologies. In E. Laclau (Ed), New reflections on the revolution of our time (pp. 97-132). London: Verso.
  • Lacoste, Y. (1976). Coğrafya Savaşmak İçindir. (Çev. A. Arayıcı). İstanbul: Özne Yayınları.
  • Leeuwen, T. V. (2007). Legitimation in discourse and communication. Discourse & Communication, 1(1), 46-50.
  • Lilie, C., & Fairclough, N. (1999). Discourse in Late Modernity: Rethinking Critical Discourse Analysis. Edinbrugh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Müller, M. (2011). Doing discourse analysis in critical geopolitics. L’Espace Politique. Revue en ligne de géographie politique et de géopolitique, (12).
  • Özgen, N. (2016). Beşeri Coğrafyada Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teknikleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Punch, K. F. (2005). Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş: Nicel ve Nitel Yaklaşımlar. (Çev: D.Bayrak, H.B.Arslan & Z. Akyüz). Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Smith, N. (2000). Is a critical geopolitics possible? Foucault, class and the vision Thing. Political Geography, 19, 365-371.
  • Taylor, J. P. (2003). Radical political geographies. In John Agnew, Katharyne Mitchell & G. Toal (eds.), A companion to political geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Taylor, S. (2004). Researching educational policy and change in ‘new times’: Using critical discourse analysis. Journal of Education Policy, 19(4), 433-451.
  • Threadgold, T. (2013). Cultural studies, critical theory and critical discourse analysis: Histories, remembering and futures. Linguistik Online, 14, 5-36.
  • Toal, G. & Agnew, J. (1992). Geopolitics and discourse: Practical geopolitical reasoning in American foreign policy. Political Geography, 11(2), 190-204.
  • Toal, G. (1996). Critical Geopolitics: The Politics of Writing Global Space. London: Minnesota Press.
  • Toal , G,. Dalby, S. (1998). Rethinking geopolitics: Toward a critical geopolitics. In S. Dalby, & G. Toal (Eds.), Rethinking geopolitics (pp. 1-16). New York: Roudledge.
  • Toal, G. (2000). “Geopolitical discourses: A new geopolitics series,”. Geopolitics, 5(1), 125-128.
  • Total, G. (2002). Theorizing practical geopolitical reasoning: The case of the United States’ response to the war in Bosnia. Political Geography, 21(5), 601-628.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. (1993). Principles of critical discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 4(2), 249-283.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. (1997). “The Study of Discourse”, Discourse as Structures and Process: Discourse Studies a Multidisciplinary Introduction. London: Sage Books.
  • Weldes J. & Diana, S. (1996). Making state action possible: The United States and the discursive construction of ‘The Cuban problem’, 1960-1994. Millennium: Journal of International Studeis, 25(2), 361-395.
  • Wodak, R. (1999). Critical discourse analysis at the end of the 20th century. Research on Language and Social Interaction. 32, 185-93.
  • Wodak, R. (2002a). Aspects of critical discourse analysis. Zeitschrift for Angewandte Linguistik, 36(5).
  • Wodak, R. (2002b). Critical discourse analysis. In D. Schiffrin (ed.), Handbook in discourse analysis (pp. 145-159). Oxford: Blackwells.
  • Wodak, R. (2007). What is critical discourse analysis? From Qualitative Social Research, 8(2).
  • Wodak, R. (2011). Critical linguistics and critical discourse analysis. In J.-O. Ö. Jan Zienkowski (Ed.), Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights (pp. 50-70). Lancashire: John Benjamins Publishing Company.