ABD’nin AB’ye ve Türkiye’nin AB’ye Üyelik Sürecine Yaklaşımı Farklılık Gösterir mi?

İki ekonomik, siyasi ve askeri dev olarak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Avrupa Birliği arasındaki ilişki dünyadaki en önemli ikili ilişki olarak tanımlanabilir ve de dâhil olduğu konular genellikle enerjiden sosyal gelişime, uluslararası ticaretten çevresel konulara politikanın tüm spektrumunu kapsamaktadır. Bu ilişki genellikle komşular, siyasi/askeri müttefikler, tarafsız ülkeler, diğer bölgesel bloklar ve hatta hiçbir tarafa direkt etkisi veya taraflar için önemi olmayan uzak ülkeler gibi üçüncü partileri kapsar. İkili görüşmelerde Güneydoğu Avrupa, Orta Doğu ve Kafkaslar arasındaki emsalsiz konumuyla, Müslüman nüfusuyla, laik anayasası ve siyasi sistemiyle; Avrupa Konseyi, NATO, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ve diğer pek çok Avrupalı kurum yoluyla Batı’yla kurumsal bağlarıyla en çok bahsi geçen üçüncü partilerden biri Türkiye’dir. Bu makalenin amacı Amerikan dış politikasının Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği arasındaki ilişkiye bakışı ve bu ilişkiyi nasıl şekillendirdiği çerçevesinde değişen eğilimlerini detaylı bir şekilde incelemektir

DOES THE US APPROACH DIFFER TOWARDS THE EU and TURKEY’S MEMBERSHIP TO THE EU?

The relationship between United States and the European Union, one which consists of two economic, political and military giants, is arguably the most important bilateral relationship in the world. The issues in this relationship involves arguably covers the whole spectrum of the politics, including topics as disparate as energy, social development, international trade, and environmental issues. This relationship also occasionally involves issues related to third parties, from neighbors and political allies, to neutral or unimportant actors who do not have direct influence for either side One of the most important and frequently-discussed of these parties in the relationship is Turkey. Turkey has a unique position between Southeast Europe and the Middle East and Caucasus, in addition to another of other important characteristics including its Muslim majority population, secular constitution and political system, and close institutional ties to the West via its membership in the Council of Europe, NATO, European Court of Human Rights as well as its membership in various other European institutions. This paper aims to scrutinize in detail the changing trends of American foreign policy and the ways in which it has affected and shaped the relationship between Turkey and the European Union.

___

Aras, B. (2009). Davutoğlu Era in Turkish Foreign Policy. Ankara: SETA Foundation.

Aruri, N. H. (Winter, 1999, Vol. 28 No. 2). The Wye Memorandum: Netanyahu's Oslo and Unreciprocal Reciprocity. Journal of Palestine Studies, pp. 651- 678.

Bozarslan, H. (2001, October-December). Human rights and the Kurdish issue in Turkey: 1984–1999. Human Rights Review, pp. 45-54.

Bury, C. (2000). The Clinton Years: Interview with Robert Rubin. Retrieved May 05, 2014, from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/clinton/interviews/rubin.html

Cizre-Sakallıoğlu, U., & Çınar, M. (2003, Vol. 102 No. 2). Turkey 2002: Kemalism, Islamism, and Politics in the light of the February 28 Process. The South Atlantic Quarterly, pp. 309-332.

Common Values and Common Interests? The Bush Legacy in US-Turkish RelationsInsight Turkey 5-14

Çandar, C. (2013, Vol. 15 No. 2). Turgut Özal Twenty Years After: The Man and the Politician. Insight Turkey, pp. 27-36.

Eilperin, J. (April 28, 2014). Obama Lays out His Foreign Policy Doctrine: Singles, Doubles and the Occasional Home Run. The Washington Post.

Erickson, E. J. (2004, Vol. 5 No. 3). Turkey as Regional Hegemon—2014: Strategic Implications for the United States. Turkish Studies, pp. 25-45.

Freidel, F., & Sidey, H. (2006). WhiteHouse.gov. Retrieved 04 15, 2014, from The Presidents http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/georgewbush

Gorelick, B. A. (2003, Vol. 9). The Israeli Response to Palestinian Breach of the Oslo Agreements. New England Journal of International and Comparative Law, p. 651.

Gümüşcü, Ş. (2013, Vol. 48 No. 2). The Emerging Predominant Party System in Turkey. Government and Opposition, pp. 223-244.

Keohane, R. O. (2002, Vol. 40 No. 4). Ironies of Sovereignty: The European Union and the United States. Journal of Common Market Economics, pp. 743–765.

Konings, M. (2010, Vol. 36 No. 5). Neoliberalism and the American State. Critical Sociology, pp. 741-765.

Lesser, I. (n.d.). Global Europe Program: Turkey in the EU Means a New Kind of US-Turkish Relationship. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Wilson Center: http://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/turkey-the-eu-means-new-kind-us- turkish-relationship

Makovsky, A., & Sayarı, S. (2000). Turkey’s New World: Changing Dynamics in Turkish Foreign Policy. Washington, D.C.: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy.

Official Website of President of Azerbaijan Republic. (n.d.). Joint Press Statements of Presidents of Azerbaijan and Turkey. Retrieved May 10, 2014, from http://en.president.az/articles/736/print

Oğuzlu, T. (2007, Vol. 61). Soft Power in Turkish Foreign Policy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, pp. 81-97.

Öniş, Z. (2001, Vol. 5, No. 2) “Turkey and Post-Soviet States: Potential and Limits of Regional Power Influence”, Middle East Review of International Affairs, pp. 66-74

Peterson, J. (1994, Vol. 32 No. 3). Europe and America in the Clinton Era. Journal of Common Market Studies, pp. 411-426.

Peterson, J., & Cowles, M. G. (1998, Vol. 11 No. 3). Clinton, Europe and Economic Diplomacy: What Makes the EU Different? Governance: An International Journal of Policy and Administration, pp. 251-271.

Sayarı, S. (2003, Vol. 34). The United States and Turkey’s Membership in the European Union. The Turkish Yearbook, pp. 167-176.

Sayarı, S. (2000, Vol. 54, No. 1). “Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: The Challenges of Multi-Regionalism,” Journal of International Affairs, pp. 169- 182.

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). (n.d.). U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants: Obligations and Loan Authorizations, 1 July 1945–September 30, 2012. http://gbk.eads.usaidallnet.gov/data/fast-facts.html

University of Virginia Miller Center. (n.d.). American President: A Reference Resource. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from millercenter.org: http://millercenter.org/president/gwbush/essays/biography/5

US Foreign Policy under Bush: Balance Sheet and OutlookCSS Analysis in Security Policy 1-3.

Woolf, A. (2008). A Short History of the World – The Story of Mankind from Prehistory to the Modern Day. New York: Metro Books.