Endüstri 4.0 ve Yaşlı Çalışanların İstihdam Edilebilirliği

Nüfusun yaşlanması ile birlikte hızlı teknolojik yenilikler, işin geleceğini dönüştürmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 olarak nitelendirilen teknolojik dönüşüm bağlamında, sistem karmaşıklığının artması ve fiziksel çalışma ortamının giderek daha fazla otomatik hale gelmesi, yeni işler ile ilgili görevlerde karmaşık bilgiyi uygulama, yeni bilgi oluşturma ve bilgiyi aktarma gibi becerileri gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu durum, yeterli bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi (BİT) becerisine sahip olmayan yaşlı çalışanların istihdam edilebilirliğini olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Ancak, günümüzde beklenen yaşam süresinin artmasıyla daha fazla yaşlı çalışan aktif olarak işgücü piyasasında yer aldığı için, teknolojik dönüşüm, işletmeler ve çalışanlar için esnek kariyer modelleri ve yaş dostu çalışma ortamları geliştiren politikaları mümkün kılmakta ve talep etmektedir. Dolayısıyla, Endüstri 4.0, yaşlı çalışanların istihdam edilebilirliği açısından birtakım tehditler içerirken, çeşitli teknolojik sistemlerle onların istihdamına katkı da sağlayabilmektedir. Buradan hareketle, çalışmada ilk olarak Endüstri 4.0 kavramı ve işin yapısı ve beceriler üzerine etkileri incelenecektir. Daha sonra, Endüstri 4.0 bağlamında yaşlı çalışanlar ve yaşlı çalışanlara yönelik uygulamalar irdelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Endüstri 4.0, Yaşlanan İşgücü, Yaşlı Çalışan, İstihdam Edilebilirlik, İşin Yapısı, Beceriler

Industry 4.0 and Employability of Older Workers

With the aging of the population, rapid technological innovations transform the future of work. In the context of technological transformation, which is defined as Industry 4.0, increasing system complexity and increasingly automated physical work environment requires skills such as applying complex information, creating new information, and transferring information in new work tasks. It may adversely affect the employability of older workers who do not have sufficient information and communication technology (ICT) skills. However, with the increasing life expectancy in today, a large number of older workers actively participate in the labour market. For this reason, technological transformation makes possible and demands flexible career models and policies that develop age-friendly working environments for organisations and workers. While Industry 4.0 has a number of threats especially for the older workers, it can contribute to their employment with various technological systems. From this point of view, firstly the concept of Industry 4.0 and its effects on nature of work and skills will be examined in this study. Then, older workers in the context of Industry 4.0 and applications for older workers will be examined.

Keywords:

Industry 4.0, Aging Workforce, Older Worker, Employability, Nature of Work, Skills,

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