AB Genişlemesi: Bir Başarı Öyküsünden Yorgunluğa

Bu çalışma “genişleme yorgunluğu” bağlamında önemli bir adım olarak gelecek Avrupa Birliği (AB) genişleme ihtimalini incelemektedir. Çalışma 2000'li yıllarda genişleme sürecini gözden geçirmektedir. 1950’lerin sonlarından beri Avrupa’nın bütünleştirilmesi fikri aşamalı olarak Avrupa’ya barış ve istikrar getirmesi çabaları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. 1957’den 1995’e kadar AB üye sayısını 6’dan 15’e çıkarmıştır. 2004 ve 2007’lerde komünist geçmişe sahip Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinin katılmalarıyla bu gelişmenin doruk noktasına ulaşılmıştır. 10 yıllık zorlu politik ve ekonomik reformlardan sonra, üyeliğe başvuran aday ülkeler sonuçta merkezi aşamaya ulaştılar. O zamandan beri, tartışma genişlemenin AB için zorunlu olup olmadığı, yeni üye ülkelerin Avrupa entegrasyonuna ne kadar katkıda bulunabilecekleri ve faydalarını paylaşabilecekleri sorusu üzerine odaklanmıştır. Çalışma, Avrupa Komisyonu ve bu alanda bir çok sayıdaki bağımsız çalışmalardan elde edilen anahtar bulgulara dayanmaktadır. Çalışma literatürde yer alan yorumsal modeller üzerinde durmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa Birliği, Koşullar, Genişleme, Entegrasyon

EU ENLARGEMENT: FROM A SUCCESS STORY TO FATIGUE

This paper examines the prospect of European Union (EU) enlargement as a crucialstep in the context of “enlargement fatigue”. It reviews the enlargement process in thepost-2000s. From the late 1950 onwards, the idea of European unification has graduallybeen emphasized by an attempt to bring peace and stability. Between 1957 and 1995, theEU grew from six to fifteen members. The high point of this development was reached in2004 and 2007, with an inclusion of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs),who had the communist traditions. After a decade of difficult economic and politicalreforms, the applicant countries finally edged toward centre stage. Since then, the debatehas focused on the question of whether enlargement is fundamental to European unity andhow far new member states can contribute to European integration and share the Unin’sbenefits. The study relies on the key findings from the European Commission and thenumber of independent studies in this field. The study draws upon interpretative models inthe existing literature.

Keywords:

European Union, Conditionality, Enlargement, Integration,

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