Bankacılık Sektörünün Finansal Performansı ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: AB Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Çalışmada, bankacılık sektörünün finansal performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Avrupa Birliği üye ülkelerinin 1996-2017 dönemi verileri çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Ekonomik büyüme, GSYH’deki büyüme (yıllık %) ile bankacılık sektörü finansal performansı ise bankaların aktif karlılığı (ROA), bankaların özsermaye karlılığı (ROE) ve bankaların fiyat kazanç oranı değişkenleri ile ölçülmüştür. Finansal performans ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi yöntemiyle araştırılmış olup, analiz sonucunda finansal performans ile ekonomik büyüme arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin banka performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu söylenebilir. Bu kapsamda Avrupa Birliği üye ülkelerinin bankacılık sektörü finansal performansını artırarak ekonomik büyümeyi hızlandırabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Financial Performance, Economic Growth, Panel Data Analysis

The Relationship between Financial Performance of Banking Sector and Economic Growth: A Research on EU Countries

In this study, the effects of financial performance of banking sector on economic growth have been analyzed. The study covers the data for the period 1996-2017 of European Union countries. In the study in regard to economic growth, GDP growth (annual %); financial performance, bank ROA, bank ROE, bank cost to income ratio (%) and stock market capitalization to GDP (%) have been used. The relationship between financial performance and economic growth have been analyzed through panel data method. The results of the analysis suggest that the bank performance of European Union countries have positive effect on economic growth. A positive and significant relationship has been determined that the ROA, bank cost to income ratio and stock market capitalization and economic growth. EU countries will be able to expedite economic growth by increasing the financial performance of banks.

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