Çevre Kalitesi Açısından Yakınsama Hipotezine Yeni Bir Bakış: Ekolojik Ayak İzi ve Kulüp Yakınsamaya Dayalı Ampirik Bir Analiz

Öz p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Minion Pro'; min-height: 14.0px} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; line-height: 10.1px; font: 10.0px 'Minion Pro'; color: #2d2829} span.s1 {font: 12.0px 'Minion Pro'; color: #000000} Çevre kalitesinin giderek bozulmasıyla birlikte iktisatta çevreci bir dönüşüm süreci başlamış, çevre ekonomisi, doğal kaynaklar ekonomisi ve ekolojik iktisat gibi alanlar ilgi çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu çerçevede çevresel unsurları temsil eden değişkenler kullanılarak ekonometrik analizler yoluyla politika önerileri oluşturulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ancak literatürde bu alanla ilgili önemli kısıtlardan bir tanesi de çevreyi temsil edecek kapsamlı bir değişkene ihtiyaç duyulmasıdır. Bu ihtiyaca yönelik olarak ekolojik ayak izi’nin son yıllarda çevreyi kapsamlı bir şekilde temsil eden bir gösterge haline geldiği iddia edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma 1961-2009 dönemi için ekolojik ayak izi üzerinden çevresel yakınsama hipotezi’ni test etmektedir. Bunun için Phillips ve Sul (2007) tarafından özellikle panel gruplar için yakınsama hipotezini test etmek amacıyla geliştirilmiş olan ve ülkelerden kaynaklı heterojenliği dikkate alarak ortak özellikler taşıyan grupları kümeleyen kulüp yakınsama testi kullanılmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar bir bütün olarak çevresel yakınsama hipotezinin geçerli olmadığını ancak yakınsayan kulüplerin olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevre Ekonomisi, Çevresel Yakınsama

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