Pamphylia-Perge’de Bulunmuş I. Anastasios Dönemi'ne Ait Ordu Fermanı: Gözden Geçirilmiş İkinci Edisyon

Bu makalede, Perge’de bulunmuş olan İmparator I. Anastasios’un (İ.S. 491-518) ordu ile ilgili fermanını içeren yazıtın revize edilmiş ikinci edisyonu yayımlanmaktadır. Bu yazıtın parçaları Perge’de 1974 yılı kazılarında gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Akropolis tepesinin güneyindeki kuzey çeşmesinin güneyinde yak. 850 parça olarak çıkarılan yazıt Antalya Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde korunmaktadır. Yazıt, her ikisi de Latince’den Yunanca’ya çevrilmiş olan Anastasios’a ait bir imparatorluk fermanı ve magister militum’un emirnamesi ile birlikte bir lejyondaki askerlerin unvan/rütbe sınıflarına göre sayıları, aldıkları ayni ve nakdi maaşlarını içeren bir çizelge olmak üzere üç kısımdan oluşmaktadır.Yazıtta değinilen ana konu bir lejyondaki askerler ve bu askerlerin, bulundukları birimleri ve schola’larında gerçekleşen yozlaşmalar ve mevki satışı nedeniyle geleneksel ödemelerden, emeklilik ikramiyelerinden mahrum bırakılışlarıdır. Ayrıca, ölmüş ya da kayıp statüsündeki askerlerin isimlerinin birim kayıtlarından çıkarılmadığı ve bunların kadrolarının rüşvet ya da torpille gelen niteliksiz ve yetersiz kimselerce doldurulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Buna uygun şekilde ferman bu yoz uygulamalara karşı önlemler getirmektedir. Anastasios lejyon içerisinde her bir unvan/rütbe grubundaki asker sayılarının takip edilmesini ve bu sayıların belirtilen miktarda tutularak, birimin gerçek asker sayısının her zaman tam olmasını emretmektedir. C lehvasındaki listeye göre, ilgili lejyondaki askerlerin toplam sayısı 1550-1600’den aşağı değildir. Listede içerilen unvan/rütbe adları şu şekildedir: tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii, augustales (1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1), flaviales alii (2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2), vexillarii, imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines, bucinatores, praeco, armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales, bracchiati semissales, armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici ve deputati. Ayrıca Levha A ve B’deki metinlerde principia, draconarii, magister draconum ve campidoctor anılmaktadır. Yazıtın bazı kısımları eksik olsa da, mevcut metin Roma tarihi, ordusu, hukuk sistemi ve dilbilimsel açıdan önemli veriler içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

I. Anastasios, Geç Roma Ordusu, Geç Antik Dönem, yozlaşma, askeri ödemeler, adaeratio, annona

The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition

This article contains a revised version of the inscription from Perge containing a military decree of Anastasius I. The fragments of this inscription were unearthed in 1974 during excavations at Perge. The inscription was discovered in about 850 fragments in an area to the south of northern fountain on the southern slopes of the acropolis. Today these fragments are preserved in the storage rooms of the Museum of Antalya. It contains an imperial sermo, an enactment of a magister militum, both translated from Latin into Greek, and a notitia concerning the number of soldiers in a legio and their respective salaries in kind and in cash.The main issue addressed in the inscription concerns the soldiers in a legio and that they have been deprived of their customary payments and retirement bounties on account of corruption and the sale of posts within the unit and its constituent scholae. In particular, that the names of the deceased or of missing soldiers had not been removed from the regimental records or their positions had been filled by unqualified or ineligible men who had obtained these posts through either bribery or influence. Accordingly, this edict aims to impose measures against these corrupt practices. Anastasius orders that the actual numbers of soldiers holding each grade in the legio should be investigated and any shortfall was to be rectified and it was to be maintained at a full complement in accordance with the schedule of grades and annonae provided. On the basis of research on Text C, it seems that the total number of men listed in the schedule is no less than 1550-1600. The titles included in the list are tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii, augustales (1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1), flaviales alii (2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2), vexillarii, imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines, bucinatores, praeco, armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales, bracchiati semissales, armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici and deputati. Additionaly, there are also some other titles/grades/posts mentioned in the text A and B as follow: principia, draconarii, magister draconum and campidoctor. Even though some parts of the inscription are today missing, the surviving text contains valuable information in respect to later Roman history, the army, the legal system, and for linguistics.

Keywords:

Anastasius I, Later Roman Army, Late Antiquity, corruption, military pay, adaeratio, annona,

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