Veri zarflama analizinde tüm alternatiflerin sıralanmasına yeni bir yaklaşım: ASES

Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) benzer girdiler kullanarak benzer çıktılar üreten alternatif birimlerin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan, parametrik olmayan ve doğrusal programlama tabanlı bir yöntemdir. Alternatifler VZA’da Karar Verme Birimi (KVB) olarak adlandırılır. Klasik VZA modelleri KVB’leri etkin ve etkin olmayan olarak ayırmakta ve etkin olmayan KVB’leri sıralamaktadır. KVB’leri değerlendirmek ve sıralayabilmek için çeşitli yöntemler önerilmiştir. Bu yöntemlerden bir kısmı sadece etkin veya etkin olmayan KVB’leri sıralayabilirken diğer bir kısmı ise tam sıralama gerçekleştirebilmektedir. Tam sıralama yapmayı hedefleyen yöntemler, bazı özellikteki KVB’leri ve veri kümesindeki farklı dağılımları göz önüne almamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, etkin ve etkin olmayan tüm KVB’leri sıralamak üzerine yeni bir VZA yöntemi olarak ASES (Area of Super Efficiency Score Graph) önerilmektedir. ASES, her KVB’yi diğer KVB’ler teker teker veri kümesinden çıkarılırken elde ettiği süper etkinlik skoru ile değerlendirmektedir. Süper etkinlik skoru kullanılması sayesinde her tipteki etkin KVB için farklı skor hesaplanabilmektedir. Ek olarak, ASES veri kümesindeki olası kümelenme, uç nokta gibi durumlar için de tutarlı ve nesnel sonuçlar üretmektedir. Yöntemin uygulanması için 18 Avrupa ülkesi çevresel teknolojilerle ilgili OECD istatistikleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırma için literatürden dört farklı VZA modeli de aynı veriye uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar ASES’in diğer yöntemlerin dezavantajlarını ortadan kaldırdığını ve tam sıralama sağlayabildiğini göstermektedir.

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