KANOLA YAĞINDAN METİL ESTER ÜRETİMİ İÇİN KALSİYUM OKSİT DESTEKLİ HETEROJEN KATALİZÖR TASARIMI

Bu araştırma da kalsiyum oksit destekli katalizörler, K2CO3 bileşiğinin farklı yükleme oranlarında (ağırlıkça %1-5 aralığında) sulu çözeltileri ile birlikte, destek malzemesinin içine emdirme metodu ile hazırlanmıştır. Sentezlenen katalizörlerin kanola yağının metanol ile Yağ Asidi Metil Esteri (YAME) vermek üzere, 298–333 K sıcaklık aralığında, metanol/yağ oranları 6/1–15/1 aralığında, farklı katalizör yüklenerek (ağırlıkça %1-7 aralığında yağ miktarı temel alınarak) ve reaksiyon süresi 1-8 saat olmak üzere aktivite testleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, kalsiyum oksit destekli katalizörler arasında, ağırlıkça %5 K2CO3/CaO katalizörü en yüksek dönüşümü vermiştir (alkol/yağ: 15/1; katalizör miktarı yağın kütlesi temel alınarak ağırlıkça %3; reaksiyon süresi: 8 saat; kesikli reaktör; 600 rpm karıştırma hızı; metil ester verimi: %97, reaksiyon sıcaklığı: 333 K). Sadece %5 K2CO3/CaO katalizörü 773 K fırın sıcaklığında 3 saat süreyle kalsine edildiğinde düşük yüzey alanı ve düşük trigliserit dönüşümü vermiştir. Hem kalsine edilen hem de kalsine edilmeyen %5 K2CO3/CaO katalizörlerinin aktifliğini kaybetmemesi; reaksiyon karışımında çözünmüş aktif merkezlerinde heterojen katalizli reaksiyon yanında homojen reaksiyonunda yürüdüğünü göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kalsiyum oksit destekli katalizörler, transesterleşme; biyodizel

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