CYBER BULLYING, CYBER VICTIMIZATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS: A STUDY IN ADOLESCENTS

Öz In this study, the relationship between cyber bullying, cyber victimization and psychological symptoms was investigated in adolescents. The sample of the study consisted of 300 high school student adolescents who attend different types of high schools in Trabzon in 2009-2010 academic years. In the study, demographic data form, The Scale of Cyber bullying and Brief Symptom Inventory were used as data collection instruments. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients, One-Way ANOVA and independent samples t test were conducted to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that there were significant relationships between cyber bullying, cyber victimization and some psychological symptoms. Furthermore, significant differences were found in cyber bullying and cyber victimization in terms of school type and gender variables. These results were discussed in light of relevant literature and some recommendations were made.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cyber bullying, psychological symptoms, adolescents

PDF

___

Arıcak, O. T. (2009). Psychiatric Symptomatology as a Predictor of Cyberbullying Among University Students, Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 34, (1), 169.

Bendixen M., Endresen I. & Olweus, D. (2003). Variety and Frequency Scales of Antisocial Involvement: Which One is Better?, Legal and Criminological Psychology, 8 (1),140.

Breivik, K. & Olweus, D. (2006), Children of Divorce in a Scandinavian Welfare State: Are They Less Affected Than US Children? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 47 (1), 69.

Borg, M.G. (1999). The Extent and Nature of Bullying Among Primary and Secondary School Children. Educational research, 41 (2), 137- 154.

Campell, M. (2005). Cyber bullying: An Old Problem in a New Guise?, Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 15 (1), 141- 149.

Cappadocia, M.C. (2008). Cyberbullying And Cybervictimization: Prevelenge, Stability, Risk And Protective Factors, And Psychosocial Problems, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, York University Toronto, Ontario.

Dehue F., Bolman C. & Vollink T. (2008). Cyberbullying: Youngsters’ Experiences and Parental Perception, Cyberpsychology & Behaviour, 11 (2), 99.

Delfabbro, P., Winefield, T., Trainor, S., Dolard, M., Andersen, S. & Metzer, J. & Hammarsteorm, A. (2006). Peer and teacher bullying/ victimization of south Australian secondary school students: Prevelance and psychological profiles. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76 (1), 71- 90.

Espelage, D. & Swearer, S. (2003). Research on School Bullying and Victimization: What Have We Learned and Where Do We Go From Here, School Psychology Rewiew, 32 (3), 377.

Hall, J.A. & Bernieri, F.J. (2001). Toward a Taxonomy of Interpersonal Sensivity. (Eds: Hall JUDITH and Frank BERNIERI). Interpersonal Sensivitiy: Theory and Measurement. 1st edition. Lawrance Erlbaum Associates Inc, New Jersey.

Ireland, J.L. & Arcter, J. (2004). Association between measures of aggression and bullying among juvenile and young offenders. Aggressive Behaviour, 30 (1), 29- 42.

Karasar, N. (2007). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Scientific Research Methods). 18th.Edition. Nobel Publishing, Ankara.

Kimberley, M.J., Michele, Y., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). The Relative Importance of Online Victimization in Understanding Depression and Substance Use. Child Maltreatment, 12 (3), 314- 324.

Li, Q. (2007). Bullying in The New Playground: Research Into Cyberbullying and Cyber Victimisation, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 23 (4), 445.

Nansel, T.R., Overpack, M., Pilla, R., Ruan, J.W., Simons- Martin, B. & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying Behaviours Among US Yought: Prevelance and Association With Psychological Adjustment. The Journal of American Medical Association, 285 (16), 2094- 2100.

Rigby, K. (2007). Bullying in Schools and What to do About It. 1st Edition. Acer Press, Victoria.

Savaşır. I. & Şahin. H. (1997). Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapilerde Değerlendirme: Sık Kullanılan Ölçekler (Assesment in Cognitive Behavioral Therapies: Commonly Used Scales) Türk Psikoloji Derneği Yayınları (Turkish Psychological Assosication Publications), Ankara.

Sharriff, S. (2005). Cyber-Dilemmas in The New Millennium: School Obligations to Provide Student Safety in a Virtual School Environment, Mcgill Journal of Education, 40 (3), 129.

Solberg, M.E, Olweus D. & Endresen I. (2007). Bullies and Victims at School: Are They The Same Pupils? British Journal of Education Psychology, 77 (1), 420.

Şirvanlı, Ö.D. (2006). Ergenlerde Akran Zorbalığına Maruz Kalmanın Yaş, Çocuk Yetiştirme Stilleri ve Benlik İmgesi ile İlişkisi (The relationship Between Exposure to Peer Bullying in Adolescents and Age, Parenting and Self Image) Türk Psikoloji Dergisi (Turkish Psychology Journal), 21 (58), 80.

Topçu Ç, Baker Ö. & Çapa Y. A. (2008). Examination of Cyberbullying Experiences Among Turkish Students from Different School Type, Cyberpsychology & Behaviour, 11 (6), 646.

Tynes, B. & Giang M. (2009).Online Victimization, Depression and Anxiety Among Adolescents in The US. European Psychiatry, 24 (1), 671- 686.

Vandebosch, H. & Cleemput, C. V. (2008). Defining Cyberbullying: A Qualitative Research into the Perceptions of Youngsters, Cyberpsychology & Behaviour, 11, (4), 322.

Williams, K. & Guerra, N. (2007). Prevalence and Predictors of Internet Bullying, Journal of Adolescent Health, 41 (1), 19.

Ybarra, M. & Mitchell, K. (2004). Online Aggressor/targets, Aggressors, and Targets: A Comparison of Associated Youth Characteristics, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45 (7), 1370.