DUYGUSAL ZEKÂ: TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ VE ÖRGÜTLER İÇİN ÖNEMİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR BAKIŞ

Duygusal zekâ kavramı üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar, genelde, psikoloji ve sosyoloji bilim dallarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bilim dalında, duygusal zekâ kavramı çok değişik açılardan ele alınmıştır. Her ne kadar duygusal zekâ kavramı hakkında geçen 15 yıllık süre içerisinde bir çok düşünce ortaya atılmış ise de, bu kavram psikoloji biliminin bir o kadar geniş konuları arasında ortaya çıkmış ve gelişmiştir. Araştırmacıların duygusal zekâ kavramına yaklaşım biçimleri, bu kavramı iki farklı model içerisinde ele almalarına neden olmuştur. Bu yaklaşımların oluşturduğu modellerin ilki “karma model” olarak adlandırılmakta ve genellikle Goleman ile birlikte anılmaktadır. Duygusal zekânın “karma model”i daha yaygın, daha bilinir olup ve bu kavramı daha geniş bir çerçevede tanımlamaktadır. Duygusal zekâ kavramına diğer yaklaşım ise “yetenek tabanlı model” çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Salovey ve Mayer tarafından geliştirilen bu model, duygusal zekâ kavramını daha dar bir çerçevede tanımlamakta ve yetenek kavramı üzerinde durmaktadır. Duygusal zekânın bireyin yaşamına ve iş hayatına olumlu yönde katkıda bulunduğunu ileri süren düşünceler akademisyenler, yöneticiler ve diğer herkesin ilgisini çekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, duygusal zekâ kavramının ne anlama geldiğini, tarihsel gelişimini ve bu kavram içerisinde geliştirilen iki temel modelini ele almaktır. Ayrıca, duygusal zekâ kavramının örgütler için taşıdığı öneme de değinilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Duygusal Zekâ, Liderlik, Etkililik.

Duygusal Zekâ: Tarihsel Gelişimi Ve Örgütler için Önemine Kavramsal Bir Bakış

The study of emotional intelligence has emerged from two disciplines psychol ogy and sociology Each area has evaluated the concept of emotional intelligence from a multitude of perspectives Emotional intelligence has its roots and has been developed within the psychological discipline although there has been several of interest within fifteen years in the area of emotional intelligence Because researchers have evaluated emotional intelligence from various perspectives two different views of this phenome non are emerging The first perspective is called “mixed model” and is commonly asso ciated with Goleman This model is broader well known and more inclusive description of emotional intelligence The second perspective is referred to as an “ability model” which is a more restrictive description of emotional intelligence and is associated with Salovey and Mayer The idea that emotional intelligence has positive effect on both individual life and work place has attracted academician researcher managers and all that has an interest in this phenomenon The main purpose of this study is to try to ex plain the concept of emotional intelligence its historical development and two main models emerged from this concept Besides the importance of emotional intelligence in organizations is discussed Key Words: Emotional Intelligence Leadership Effectiveness

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