DIŞA AÇIKLIK VE ÇEVRESEL KİRLİLİK İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Öz Ticari dışa açıklık olarak bilinen ve dış ticaret hacminin genişlemesi ile ülkelere belirli avantajlar sağlayan uluslararası ticaret kavramı, küreselleşmenin bir sonucu olarak, küresel rekabeti de beraberinde getirmiştir. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülke (GOÜ)’ler, gelişmiş ülke (GÜ)’lerin gelir seviyelerine ulaşabilmek için, kirlilik yaratan üretim yapılarını daha çok tercih etmektedir. Ancak kirli endüstrileri tercih eden firmalar, yüksek gelir seviyelerine ulaşabilmek uğruna sosyal maliyeti yüksek üretim yapılarına dönüşmüştür. Çalışmada gelişmekte olan bir ülke olarak ele alınan Türkiye örneği için, dışa açıklık kavramının çevresel kirlilik ile ilişkisinin yönü ve derecesi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 1980-2016 yılları arasındaki veri setini içeren zaman serisi analizinde ARDL modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi ile ifade edilen Ters U biçimindeki fonksiyonun genel özelliklerini taşıyan Türkiye örneği için, dışa açıklık kavramı çevre üzerinde olumsuz etki yaratma sürecine devam etmektedir.

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