İran Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaletinde Çocuklarda Toksokariyazis Seroprevalansı

Amaç: Toksokariyazis; temel temsilcisi toxocara canis olan, köpek ve kedi bağırsak solucanlarının neden olduğu, hayvanlardan insanlara bulaşan zoonotik bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık dünyanın her tarafında görülebilen ve en çok da çocukları etkileyen bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışma İran Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaletindeki çocukların toksokariyazis seropozitifliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışma için Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaletinin 5 farklı bölgesinden rastgele seçilmiş çocuklardan kan örnekleri toplandı. Bu çalışmada 0 ile 15 yaşları arasında 187"si erkek, 149"u kız olan 336 çocuk seçilmiştir. Toxocara boşaltım salgısı antijenine karşı IgG antikorlarını belirlemek için ELİSA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çocukların yaşlarını, cinsiyetlerini ve yaşadıkları ortamları öğrenmek amacıyla anket düzenlendi. Anketteki önemli sorular yerinde kaydedildi. Bulgular: Cinsiyetin çocuk populasyonlarında toksokara enfeksiyonu için önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu bulundu. Erkek çocukların (%41,7) kız çocuklara (%24,16) nazaran daha çok etkilendiği gözlendi. Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaletinde çocuklarda gözlenen T.canis antikorun seroprevelansı %29,46 idi. Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaletinde ki çocuk populasyonlarında gözlenen toksokara enfeksiyonun aile öyküsü, yaşam statüsü ve bilinçli olma gibi parametrelerle ilişkili olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaleti çocuklarında T. Canis enfeksiyonunun yüksek prevalansa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toksokariyazis bir halk sağlığı problemidir ve bu nedenle sağlık uzmanlarının ve eğitmenlerinin bu konuda bilinçlendirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Ayrıca bu konudaki okul temelli eğitimsel yaklaşımların, teşhis ve devam eden tedavi programlarının da geliştirilmesi gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Seroprevalans, toksokariyazis, Çocuklar, Doğu Azerbeycan Eyaleti, İran

Seroprevalence of Toxocariasis in Children in East- Azerbaijan Province, Iran

Purpose: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ascarid of dogs and cats, the main representative of which is a Toxocara canis. Distribution of the disease is world wide and is more prevalent in children. The present study was carried out in children of East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, to determine the toxocariasis seropositivity. Material and Methods: For the present seroepidemiological study, blood samples were collected at random from children of all the five districts of the East Azerbaijan Province. A total of 336 children, 187 males and 149 females in age group of 0-15 years were selected for the present study. ELISA was used for detection of IgG antibodies against Toxocara excretory secretary antigen. A questionnaire interview was conducted to obtain the data concerning their age, sex and habits. The particular points in the questionnaire asked were recorded on the format right on the spot. Results: Gender was found to be a significant risk factor for the Toxocara infection in children population. Male children were found more infected (41.71% as compared to females (24.16%). The total seroprevalence of T. canis antibodies in children of East Azerbaijan Province was 29.46 %. The risk factors that were found associated with the infection of toxocariasis in children population of East Azerbaijan Province include family back ground, status of living conditions, awareness, etc. Conclusion: The present study reveals high prevalence of T. canis infection in children of East Azerbaijan Province. It is important to raise the awareness of health professionals, public and educators to the fact that toxocariasis is a public health problem. Health promotion by means of a school based educational approach, diagnosis and continuous programme of treatment are necessary.

Keywords:

Seroprevalence, Toxocariasis, Children, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.,

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Yazışma Adresi / Address for Correspondence: Dr. Garedaghi Yagoob Islamic Azad University Department of Parasitology, Tabriz Branch Tabriz, Iran. e-mail: Y_garedaghi@yahoo.com geliş tarihi/received :18.02.2013 kabul tarihi/accepted:20.03.2013