Ayana JALETA, Shibiru TESEMA, Belay YİMAM

Batı Etiyopya’nın Sire şehrinde kendi kendine tedavi uygulaması: kesitsel çalışma

Amaç: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde bireylerin büyük kısmı, hastalıkları için doktora gitmek yerine kendi kendine tedavi yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Kendi kendine tedavide genelde reçetesiz ilaçlar kullanılmakta ve kişisel bakımın bir formu olarak desteklenmekteyse de reçeteli ilaçlar kişisel tedaviye uygun olmayıp desteklenmemelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Batı Etiyopya’nın Sire şehrinde kendi kendine tedavi ve ilgili faktörlerin sıklığının saptanmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplum tabanlı bu kesitsel çalışma, sistematik olarak seçilmiş 423 aile ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış anket ile toplanmıştır.Bulgular: 230 aileden 243 bireyde, çalışmadan 2 hafta öncesinde hastalık farkedilmiştir, onların dışında, 66 birey (%27.16) kendi kendine tedavi kullanmıştır. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulaması ile hasta ve hasta bakıcısının cinsiyet, eğitim seviyesi, meslek ve kazancı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (P>0.05). Kendi kendine tedavi için en sık karşılaşılan hastalık başağrısıdır. (%37.89). Kendi kendine tedavi için kullanılan ilaçların çoğu (84.84%) eczanelerden sağlanmaktadır. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulamasının en önemli nedeni düşük fiyattır, 21 (%31.82). Tıbbi ajanlar arasında en fazla kullanılanlar analjeziklerdir 34(%40.96), bunları takiben antibiyotikler 20(%24.10), geleneksel ilaçlar 17(%20.48), sıtma ilaçları 4(%4.71) ve solucanlara karşı olan ilaçlar 3(%3.53) gelmektedir.Sonuç: Kendi kendine tedavi çalışması çok sayıda katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antimikrobiyaller gibi reçeteli ilaçlarla uygulanan kendi kendine tedavi sıklığı da oldukça yüksektir. Bu tür ilaçların tıbbi danışma almadan kullanılması uygun olmayan kullanıma ve sonuçta ilaç direncine neden olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kendi kendine tedavi, uygulama, reçeteli ilaçlar

Self-medication practice in Sire town, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Purpose: A considerable number of individuals in developing countries do not attend physicians for their illnesses; instead they commonly use self-medication. Although responsible self-medication with over the counter (OTC) drugs is often acceptable and promoted as one form of self-care, self-medication with prescription drugs is inappropriate and should always be discouraged. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of self-medication and associated factors in Sire town, West Ethiopia. Material and Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 423 households, which were selected systematically. Data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: 243 individuals in 230 households perceived illness two weeks prior to the study. Out of them, 66 (27.16%) used self-medication. The practice of self-medication was not significantly associated with sex, educational status, occupation and income of the patients or caregivers. The most frequent illness reported for self-medication was headache (37.89%). Most (84.84%) of the drugs used for self-medication were obtained from drug stores. The relatively lower cost was the major, 21 (31.82%), reason for using self-medication. Analgesics were the largest category of medicinal agents used for self-medication 34(40.96%), followed by antibiotics 20(24.10%), traditional medicines 17(20.48%), antimalarials 4(4.71%), and anthelminthics 3(3.53%).Conclusion: Self-medication was practiced by considerably large number of the study participants. The prevalence of self-medication with prescription drugs like antimicrobials was also high. Self-medication with these drugs without medical consultation may lead to inappropriate use and thereby contribute to emergence of drug resistance.

Keywords:

self-medication, practice, reason,

PDF

___

Tenaw A, Tsige G. Self-medication practice in Addis Ababa: A prospective study. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2004;14:1-11.
Teferra A, Alemayehu W. Self-medication in three towns of North West Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2001;15:25-30.
Hughes CM, McElnay JC, Fleming GF: Benefits and risks of self-medication. Drug Saf. 2001;24:1027–37.
Filho L, Antonio I, Lima-Costa MF, Uchoa E. Bambui Project: a qualitative approach to selfmedication. Cad Saude Publica. 2004;20:1661-9.
The World Self-Medication Industry (WSMI) (2009). Responsible Self-Care and Self-medication.A world Review of Consumers Surveys.Available at www.wsmi.org (last accessed on 25/11/2015).
The World Self-Medication Industry (WSMI) (2010).The story of self-care and self-medication: 40 yrs of progress, 1970-2010. Available at www.wsmi.org (last accessed on 25/11/2015).
Al khaja KAJ, Handu SS, James H, Otoom S, Sequeira RP. Evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication among first-year medical students. Med Princ Pract. 2006;15:270-5.
WHO. Guidelines for the Regulatory Assessment Of Medical Products For Use In Self-Medication. Geneva, WHO, 2000.
Tsegaye G. Assessment of knowledge and practice on appropriate use of drugs in urban and rural communities in Jimma zone, south west Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 1998;8:89-97.
Solomon W, Abebe G. Practice of self-medication in Jimma Town. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2003;17:111-6.
Tenaw A. and Tsege G. Assessment of consumers drug knowledge in Addis Ababa: across–sectional survey. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2004;14:71-80.
Mulgeta TA, Nasir TW. Knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication in south west Ethiopia. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2012;3:1005-10.
Girma BG, Diriba AG, Zerihun AK, Derbew FB, Abera HB, Mussie GH et al. Self-medication practices among health sciences students: the case of Mekelle University. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2011;01:183-9.
Abay SM, Amelo W. Assessment of self-medication practices among medical, pharmacy, and health science students in Gondar University, Ethiopia. J Young Pharm. 2010;2:306-10.
Solomon A, Fantahun M, Wondim M. Selfmedication practice: the case of kolladiba town, north west ethiopia. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2014;5:670-7.
Angeles-chimal P, Medina-Flores ML, MolinaRodriguez JF. Self-medication in urban population of Cuernavaca, Morelos. Salud Publica Mex. 1992;34:554-61.
Awad AI. Eltayeb IB, Capps PA. Self-medication practices in Khartoum State, Sudan. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:317–24.
Alghanim SA. Self-medication practice among patients in a public health care system. East Mediterr Health J. 2011;17:409-16.
Sapkota AR, Coker ME, Rosenberg G, Atkinson NL, Sweet SJ, Sopeju PO et al.: Self-medication with antibiotics for the treatment of menstrual symptoms in southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:610.
Wondimu A, Molla F, Demeke B, Eticha T, Assen A, Abrha S et al. Household storage of medicines and associated factors in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0135650.
Lv B, Zhou Z, Xu G, Yang D, Wu L, Shen Q et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning selfmedication with antibiotics among university students in western China. Trop Med Int Health. 2014;19:769–79.