Ahmet KORKMAZ, Havva ŞENDEMİRCİ, Güney AKINOĞLU, Ayhan HORUZ, Abdülkadir SÜRÜCÜ

Contents and Distrıbutions of Iron Fractions in Bafra, Çarşamba and Suluova Soils and Relationshıps with Some Soil Properties

The aim of this study was to determine contents and distributions of iron fractions in Bafra, Çarşamba and Suluova soils and relationships with some soil properties. For this aim, 26 soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm depth of agricultural fields of Bafra, Çarşamba and Suluova districts. Beside some physical and chemical soil properties, exchangeable iron (Exch-Fe), organic bounded iron (OM-Fe), manganese oxides bounded iron (MnOX-Fe), amorph iron oxides bounded iron (AFeOX-Fe), crystal iron oxides bounded iron (CFeOX-Fe) and residual iron (R-Fe) contents of soils were determined. According to mean iron fraction values, iron fractions ordered as follows; R-Fe (7800-19400 ppm Fe) > CFeOX-Fe (6000-11300 ppm Fe) > AFeOX-Fe (1100-6700 ppm Fe) > MnOX-Fe (3.90-158.9 ppm Fe) > Exch-Fe (0.8-2.4 ppm Fe) > OM-Fe (0.6-1.6 ppm Fe). The total iron content of the soil were found between 20000-34000 ppm.Manganese oxides bounded iron form had significant negative correlations with soil pH (r=-0.448*), total lime (r=-0.556**) and active lime (r=-0.448*) contents. There was a significant positive relationship (r=0.674**) between MnOX-Fe and available Mn contents of soils. While sand contents of soils gave significant negative correlations with CFeOX-Fe (r=-0.382*) and total iron contents (r=-0.467*), clay contents of soils had a significant positive correlation with total iron content (r=0.386*). In another word, total iron contents of soils increased with increasing clay contents in soils. It has been determined that sum of exchangeable + organic + manganese oxides bounded iron is diagonistic (effective) on the extractable iron by 0.005 M DTPA + 0.01 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M TEA (pH=7.3). The extractable iron content by 0.005 M DTPA + 0.01 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M TEA (pH=7.3) increased with increasing sum of exchangeable + organic + manganese oxides bounded iron of soils

Keywords:

Amorph iron oxides, exchangeable crystal, organic, manganese oxides, residual, sequential method.,

PDF

___

Mitchell, R. L., 1964. Trace Elements in Soils. In: “Chemistry of the Soil”. Reinhold Pub. Corp. New York, USA. pp.320-368
Sillanpaa, M., 1972. Trace Elements in Soils and Agriculture. Soils Bull. F.A.O. Rome, 67 p.
Viets, F. G., 1962. Chemistry and Availability of Micronutrients. J. Agr. Food. Chem. 10, 174 – 178.
Loué, A., 1986. Les Oligo-elements en Agriculture. Agrı-Nathan İntenational. Paris
Krauskopf, K.B., 1972. Geochemistry of Micronutrients. In “Micronutrients in Agriculture” Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Madison, USA 2 pp. 7-40.
Tagliavini, M. and Rombola, A. D., 2001. Iron Deficiency and Chlorosis in Orchard and Vineyard Ecosystems. Eur. J. Argon. 15, 71 – 92
Kryc, K. A, Murray R. W. and Murray, D. W., 2003. Elemental Fractionation of Si, Al, Ti, Fe, Ca, Mn, P, and Ba in Five Marine Sedimentary Reference Materials Results from Sequential Extractions. Anal. Chim. Acta. 487, 117 – 128
Dabkowska-Naskret, H., 2004. Chemistry of Iron in Urban Soils with Regard to Their Physico-Chemical Properties. Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, University of Technology and Agriculture, 85- 029 Bydgoszcz, Bernardynska 6, Poland.
Feng, M. H., Shan, X.Q., Zhang, S. and Wen, B., 2005. A Comparison of the Rhizosphere-Based Method with DTPA, EDTA, CaCI2, and NaNO3 Extraction Methods for Prediction of Bioavailability of Metals in Soil to Barley. Environ. Pollut 137, 231- 240.
Anonymous, 2007. Le fer et I’Aluminium. http://www.univ-ubs.fr/ecologie/fer.html.
Bouyoucos, G.J., 1951. A Recalibration of the Hydrometer Method for Making Mechanical Analysis of Soils. Argon. J. 43, 434-438
Jackson, M.L., 1962. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc
Hızalan, E. ve Ünal, H., 1966. Topraklarda Önemli Kimyasal Analizler. A.Ü. Zir. Fak. Yayınları, 278
Drouineau, G., 1942. Dosage Rapide du Calceire Actif des Sols. Ann. Argon. 12, 441-450.
Chapman, H.D. and Pratt, P.F., 1961. Methods of Analysis for Soils, Plants and Waters. Univ. of California, Division of Agricultural Series. P, 1-309, USA
Olsen, S.R., Cole, V., Watanabe, F.S. and Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimation ofAvailable Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate. U.S. Dept. of Agr. Cir. 939. Washington D.C.
Richards, L.A., 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S.D.A. Handbook No:60. USA.
Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A., 1969. Development of a DTPA Micronutrient Soil Test. Argon. Abstr. 84.
Shuman, L.M., 1983. Sodium Hypuchlorite Methods for Extracting Micro Elements Associated with Soil Organic Matter Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 47, 656-660.
Chao, T. T. and Zhou, L. 1983. Extraction technique for selective dissolution of amorphous iron oxides from soils and sediments: Soil Sci. and Soc. Amer. J. 47, 225-232.
McKeague, J.A. ve Day, J.H., 1966. Dithionite and oxalate-extractable Fe and Al as aids in differrentiating various classes of soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 46, 13-22.
Shuman, L.M., 1979. Zinc, Manganese and Copper in Soil fractions. Soil Sci. 127, 10-17.
Lindsay, W. L., Norwell, W. A. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42, 421-428.
Boer, G.J. and Reisenauar, H.M., 1973. DTPA as an Exractant of Available Soil Iron. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 4(2), 121-128
Shuman, L. M. and Hargrove, W. L., 1985. Effect of Tillage on the Distribution of Manganese, Copper, Iron, and Zinc in Soil Fractions. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 49, 1117-1121.