ARTAN KATILIM BİRİKİM GETİRİYOR MU? KADININ İŞGÜCÜNE KATILIMI VE YURTİÇİ TASARRUF İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Öz Yurtiçi tasarruflar, bir ülkenin kalkınabilmesi için önemli olan finansman kaynaklarından biri olarak görülür. Bir ülkenin ekonomik yönden kalkınması tamamen dış finansal kaynaklara dayanıyorsa, bu ülke için yurtiçi tasarruf oranının düşük olduğu söylenebilir. Dış finansal kaynaklar ile desteklenen bir kalkınma modeli dışa bağımlılığı artırır ve ülke ekonomisine zarar verir. Bu nedenle ülkelerin yurtiçi tasarruflara dayanan bir kalkınma modeli izlemeleri önemlidir. İlgili literatürde yurtiçi tasarrufların belirleyicileri pek çok çalışmada ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma diğer belirleyici değişkenler kontrol altında iken kadının işgücüne katılımının yurtiçi tasarruflar ile ilişkisini 1991-2014 yılları arasında Panel Veri Yöntemleri ile analiz etmiştir. Diğer bir ifade ile, kadının erkeklere kıyasla daha çok tasarruf ettiği konusundaki ilgili literatürün doğruluğu, kadınların işgücüne artan katılımının yurtiçi tasarruflara etkisi ölçülerek test edilmiştir. Çalışma gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ülkeler açısından ele alınmış olup elde edilen bulgular bu ülkelerde kadının işgücüne katılımının tasarrufları belirlemede rol oynamadığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu ülkelerde kadının işgücüne katılımının tarım gibi düşük ücret getiren sektörlerde yoğunlaşmasının veya çocuk bakımı gibi sosyal hizmetlerin yetersizliğinden dolayı az ücretle yarı zamanlı işlerde çalışmalarının bu sonuca neden olduğu düşünülmektedir.

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