Sultandağı (Afyonkarahisar) kiraz bahçelerinde Osmia (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) türlerine yönelik yürütülen yapay yuva çalışmaları

Bu çalışma, kirazların çiçeklenme döneminde aktif olan Osmia (Hym.: Megachilidae) türlerinin yapay yuvalar yardımı ile bu alanlarda yuvalanmalarını sağlamak amacı ile 2009 ve 2010 yıllarında Sultandağı (Afyonkarahisar)'nda iki kiraz bahçesinde yürütülmüştür. Farklı çaplardaki içi boş kamışlar (Phragmites australis), her iki yılda da Nisan ayının ilk haftasında bahçelere yerleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Osmia bicornis (L.) ve O. caerulescens (L.) türlerinin bu alanlarda yuvalanma davranışı gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu türlerin yuvalanma, yuvadan çıkış ve eşey oranları, yuva yapıları ile tercih ettikleri yuva çapları gibi biyolojilerine ait temel bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca Trogoderma versicolor (Col.: Dermestidae) ile Melittobia acasta (Hym.: Eulophidae)'nın yuvadan ergin arı çıkışını engelleyen iki önemli faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Megachilidae, Osmia, yapay yuva, kamış, kiraz bahçesi

Artificial nest studies conducted on Osmia species(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in cherry orchards of Sultandağı (Afyonkarahisar)

The study was carried out in two sweet cherry orchards in Sultandağı (Afyonkarahisar) at consecutive years in 2009 and 2010. The aim of the study was nested Osmia spp. (Hym.: Megachilidae), which are active during the cherry blossom, with the aid of artificial nests. The bundles of hollow stems of reed (Phragmites australis) with the different diameters were placed to the orchards in the first week of April in both years. As a result, in the artificial nests was determined to show nesting behaviour of Osmia bicornis (L.) and O. caerulescens (L.). Basic data relating to nesting biology such as percentages of nesting and of emergence from nests, sex ratios, the structures of nests of these species and their preferred nest diameters were obtained. In addition, Trogoderma versicolor (Creutzer) (Col.: Dermestidae) and Melittobia acasta (Walker)(Hym.: Eulophidae) were detected as two major factors preventing the emergence of adult bees.

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