201129

MULTILATERALISM VERSUS REGIONALISM IN EURASIA: THEORETICAL REASONS OF CHOOSING SIDE FOR KYRGYZSTAN

Bilindiği gibi Avrasya bölgesinde Kazakistan, Belorusya ve Rusya Federasyonu arasında yeni Gümrük Birliği oluşturulmuştur. Dünya Ticaret üyesi olan Kırgızistan’ın söz konusu Gümrük Birliğine üyelik görüşmeleri çok taraflı ticaret yanlılarıyla bölgesel ticaret destekçileri arasında yeni bir tartışmaya yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu tartışmanın kuramsal boyutu analiz ele alınacaktır. Avrasya bölgesinde Dünya Ticaret Örgütüne henüz üye olmayan Belarusya, Kazakstan ve yeni üye olan Rusya Federasyonunun oluşturduğu Gumruk Birliginin bölgesel ticaretin gelişmesine olumlu fazla katkıda bulunamayacağı görüşü savunulmuştur. Söz konusu Gümrük Birliği, ülkelerin ticaret politikalarının yeni bir boyutu olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bilindigi gibi geçmiş yıllarda ortak piyasa oluşturmaktan ziyade Sovietler sistemine dayali ortak piyasanin sorunsuz sekilde çözülmesine odaklanan ekonomik işbirligi örgütleri ve birlikleri kurulmuştu. Yapılan analiz şunu göstermektedir ki Rusya Federesyonun Dünya Ticaret Örgütüne üyeliği Kazakistanın söz konusu örgute üye olmasını hızlanduracaktır. Ancak burada dikkat edilmesi gereken konulardan biri, yeni olusan Gümrük Birligi ulkelerinin Dünya Ticaret Örgütüne uye olmasi uluslararası ticaret kuralarına kısa sürede uyum sağlayacağı anlamına gelmemektedir. Soz konusu ülkelerin ekonomi politikaları ve düzeni dikkate alındığında çok taraflı ticaret kurallarına uyum sağlaması kolay olmayacağı,Yeni Gumruk Birligi kısa sürede eski birliklerde olduğu gibi Dunya Ticaret Örgütüne ikame edici özeliğinini koruyacağı öngörülmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çok Taraflılık, Bölgeselcilik, Gümrük Birliği, Ticaret

AVRASYA BÖLGESİNDE ÇOK TARAFLILIK VE BÖLGESELCİLİK TARTIŞMALARI: KIRGIZİSTAN TERCİHİNİN KURAMSAL NEDENLERİ

In this paper whether Kyrgyzstan should stay in the World Trade Organization or should take part in the newly established Customs Union among Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia would be analyzed in the framework of theoretical literature. From the start of the foundation of the new Customs Union there have been deep discussions among the proponents and opponents of organization. This issue attracted extra attention and interest because the new Customs Union includes non-members of the World Trade Organization such as Belarus, and Kazakhstan. Kyrgyzstan is already a member country of WTO and is going to join the new Customs Union. How will this membership work for Kyrgyzstan in short and long-term period? Will the new Customs Union be substitutive or complementary to the WTO in the development of international trade of Kyrgyzstan? Which side would be more beneficial for Kyrgyzstan: membership to a regional Customs Union or to a multilateral WTO? This paper hopes to analyze these main questions through the lens of theory. It would be argued that new Custom Union like previous ones, tend to be instrument of to keep contemporary policy rather than to solve the long-term problems of international trade in the region

Keywords:

Çok Taraflılık, Bölgeselcilik Gümrük Birliği, Ticaret, Dünya Ticaret Örgütü, Kırgızistan,

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