Glisin Betain ve Tiamin Uygulamalarının Tuz Stresi Altında Patlıcanda Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi

Bu araştırma tuz stresi altında patlıcanda bazı uygulamalarının tohum çimlenmesi ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Farklı konsantrasyonlardaki glisin betain (GB) (5, 10 ve 25 µM) ve tiamin (Th) (0.50, 0.75 ve 1.00 µM) ile muamele edilen patlıcan tohumları, 0, 75 ve 150 mM NaCl seviyelerinde denenmiştir. Çalışmada, tuz stresinin patlıcanda çimlenme oranı ve ortalama çimlenme zamanını önemli seviyede olumsuz etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, Th ve GB uygulamalarının kontrole göre çimlenme oranını artırdığı, çimlenme zamanını ise azalttığı ve tuz stresinin olumsuz etkisini azalttığı saptanmıştır. Çimlenme oranı ve çimlenme zamanı için en iyi uygulamanın 25 µM GB olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, tuz stresi patlıcanda, çıkış oranı fide yaprak alanı, kök ve yaprak yaş ve kuru ağırlık gibi bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine olumsuz etki yapmıştır. GB ve Th tohum uygulamaları tuz stresi altında yetiştirilen patlıcan fidelerinde incelenen bu parametreleri uygulama yapılmayan kontrole göre iyileştirmiş ve tuz stresinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre tohumdan uygulanan Th ve GB’nin patlıcanda tuz stresinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada alternatif bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Effect of Glycine Betaine and Thiamine Treatments on Germination and Seedling Growth in Eggplant under Salt Stress

This study was carried out to determine the effect of some applications on seed germination and seedling growth of eggplant under salt stress. Egg plant seeds treated with different concentrations of glycine betaine (GB) (5, 10 and 25 µM) and thiamine (Th) (0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 µM) were tested at 0, 75 and 150 mM of NaCl dosses. In the study, it was found that Th and GB applications increased germination percentage and decreased mean germination time compared to control and decreased the negative effect of salt stress. The best treatment for germination percentage and germination time was 25 µM GB. Similarly, salt stress had a negative effect on emergence percentage and plant growth parameters such as seedling leaf area, root and leaf fresh and dry weight of eggplant seedlings. GB and Th seed treatments improved these parameters in eggplant seedlings grown under salt stress compared to untreated control and it was determined that salt stress reduced negative effects. According to the results obtained from the study, it is thought that Th and GB treatments can be used as an alternative method in reducing the negative effects of salt stress in eggplant.

___

  • Abbas, W., Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A., 2010. Alleviation of salt-induced adverse effects in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) by glycine betaine and sugar beet extracts. Sci. Hortic., 125: 188-195. Akinci, I. E., S. Akinci, K. Yilmaz, Dikici, H., 2004. Response of eggplant varieties (Solanum melongena) to salinity in germination and seedling stages. New Zeal. J. Crop Hort. , 32: 193-200. Asensi-Fabado, M. A., Munné-Bosch, S., 2010. Vitamins in plants: Occurrence, biosynthesis and antioxidant function. Trends Plant Sci., 15: 582-592. Ashraf, M., 1994. Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 13: 17-42. Ashraf, M., Foolad, M.R., 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59 (2): 206-216. Ashraf, M., Athar, H. R., Harris, P. J. C., Kwon, T. R., 2008. Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. Adv. Agron., 97: 45-110. Bocobza, S. E., Aharoni, A., 2014. Small molecules that interact with RNA: Riboswitch-based gene control and its involvement in metabolic regulation in plants and algae. Plant J., 79: 693-703. Botia, P., Carvajal, M., Cerda, A., Martinez, V., 1998. Response of eight Cucumis melo cultivars to salinity during germination and early vegetative growth. Agronomie, 18: 503-513. Cha-um, S., Kirdmanee, C., 2010. Effect of glycinebetaine on proline, water use, and photosynthetic efficiencies, and growth of rice seedlings under salt stress. Turk. J. Agric. For., 34: 517-527. Chartzoulakis, K. S., Loupassaki, M. H., 1997. Effects of NaCl salinity on germination, growth, gas exchange and yield of greenhouse eggplant. Agric. Water Manag., 32: 215-225. Colinas, M., Fitzpatrick, T. B., 2015. Natures balancing act: examining biosynthesis de novo, recycling and processing damaged vitamin B metabolites. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 25: 98-106. Cuartero, J., Fernández-Muñoz, R., 1998. Tomato and salinity. Sci. Hortic., 78: 83-125. Çavuşoğlu, K., Kılıç, K., Kabar, K., 2007. Arpa tohumlarının çimlenmesi sırasında gibberellik asit, kinetin ve etilen ile tuz stresinin hafifletilmesinde bazı morfolojik ve anatomik gözlemler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Dergisi, 2: 27-40. Demir, I., Mavi, K., Ozcoban, M., Okcu, G., 2003. Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seeds during development. Isr. J. Plant Sci., 51: 125-131. Ding, H. D., Zhu, X. H., Zhu, Z. W., Yang, S. J., Zha, D. S., Wu, X. X., 2012. Amelioration of salt-induced oxidative stress in eggplant by application of 24-epibrassinolide. Biol. Plantarum, 56: 767-770. Dong, W., Thomas, N., Ronald, P. C., Goyer, A., 2016. Overexpression of thiamin biosynthesis genes in rice increases leaf and unpolished grain thiamin content but not resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae. Front. Plant Sci., 7: 616. Funk, C., 1975. The etiology of the deficiency. Anal. Chim. Acta., 76: 176-177. Gerekli, A., 2015. Triptofan uygulamalarının tuz stresi altındaki biber tohumlarının çimlenme performansları üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş. Habib, N., Ashraf, M., Ali, Q., Perveen, R., 2012. Response of salt stressed okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) plants to foliar-applied glycine betaine and glycine betaine containing sugar beet extract. S. Afr. J. Bot., 83: 151-158. Heuer, B., Meiri, A., Shalhevet, J., 1986. Salt tolerance of eggplant. Plant Soil, 95: 9-13. Iqbal, N., Ashraf, M.Y., 2006. Does seed treatment with glycine betaine improve germination rate and seedling growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under osmotic stress. Pak. J. Bot., 38: 1641-1648. ISTA, 1996. International rules for seed testing. Seed Science and Technology, 24, ISSN: 0251-0952. Javid, M. G., Sorooshzadeh, A., Moradi, F., Sanavy, S.A.M., Allahdadi, I., 2011. The role of phytohormones in alleviating salt stress in crop plants. AJCS, 5: 726-734. Khodary, S.E., 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 1560-8530. Korkmaz, A. Şirikçi, R., 2011. Improving salinity tolerance of germinating seeds by exogenous application of glycine betaine in pepper. Seed Sci.Technol., 39: 377-388. Levitt, J., 1980. Responses of plants to environmental stresses. 2. Physiological Ecology, Academic Pres. Inc., 365-384. Li, S., Lİ, F., Wang, J., Zhang, W., Meng, Q., Chen, T.H.H., Murata, N., Yang, X., 2011. Glycine betaine enhances the tolerance of tomato plants to high temperature during germination of seeds and growth of seedlings. Plant Cell Environ., 34: 1931-1943. Li, C., Wang, P., Wei, Z., Liang, D., Liu, C., Yin, L., Jia, D., Fu, M., Ma, F., 2012. The mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin on salinity-induced stress in Malus hupehensis. J. Pineal Res., 53: 298-306. Maas, E. V., 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl. Agric. Res., 1: 12-26. Maggio, A., Pascale, S.De., Ruggiero, C., Barbieri, G., 2005. Physiological response of field-grown cabbage to salinity and drought stress. Eur. J. Agron., 23: 57-67. Manar, T., Günalp, B., Yaşar, F., Kuşvuran, Ş., Uzal, Ö., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., 2013. The effects of JA treatment on the growth and some enzyme activities of eggplant embryos grown in vitro under salt stress conditions. Res. J. Biotechnol., 8: 101-106. Munns, R., Tester, M., 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 59: 651-681. Sajjad, A., Saad, S., Khan, A. A., 2017. Effects of thiamine hydrochloride on plant growth and nutrient uptake of mustard. Indian J. App. Pure Biol., 32: 265-277. Savvas, D., Lenz, F., 1996. Influence of NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution on mineral composition of eggplants grown in sand culture. Angew. Bot., 70: 124-127. Shalhevet, J., Heuer, B., Meiri, A., 1983. Irrigation interval as a factor in the salt tolerance of eggplant. Irrigation Sci., 4: 83-93. Shannon, M. C., Grieve, C. M., 1999. Tolerance of vegetable crops to salinity. Sci. Hortic., 78: 5-38. Şirikçi, R., 2010. Biber çimlenme ve fide gelişimi sırasında tuz stresine karşı toleransın glisinbetain kullanılarak yapılan tohum uygulamaları yöntemiyle arttırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş. Papageogiou, G.C., Murata, N., 1995. The unusually strong stabilizing effects of glycinebetaine on the structure and function of the oxygen-evolving photosystem II complex. Photosynth. Res., 44: 243-252. Pushpalatha, H. G., Sudısha, J., Geetha, N. P., Amruthesh, K. N., Shetty, H. S., 2011. Thiamine seed treatment enhances LOX expression, promotes growth and induces downy mildew disease resistance in pearl millet. Biol. Plantarum, 55: 522-527. Tıpırdamaz, R., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., 1997. Some physiological and biochemical changes in Solanum melongena L. genotypes grown under 350 salt conditions. First Balkan Botanical Congress, 19-22 September, Thessaloniki, Greece, 377-380. Tunc-ozdemir, M., Miller, G., Song, L., Kim, J., Sodek, A., Koussevitzky, S., Misra, A. N., Mittler, R., Shintani, D., 2009. Thiamin confers enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 151: 421-432. Ünlükara, A., Kurunç, A., Kesmez, G. D., Yurtseven, E., Suarez, D. L., 2010. Effects of salinity on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) growth and evapotranspiration. Irrig. Drain., 59: 203-214. Xing, W., Rajashekar, C. B., 1999. Alleviation of water stress in beans by exogenous glycinebetaine. Plant Sci., 148: 185-192. Yaşar, F., 2003. Tuz stresi altındaki patlıcan genotiplerinde bazı antioksidant enzim aktivitelerinin ın vitro ve in vivo olarak incelenmesi. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Van, 139 s. Yasar, F., Ellialtioglu, S., Kusvuran, S., 2006. Ion and lipid peroxide content in sensitive and tolerant eggplant callus cultured under salt stress. Eur. J. Hortic. Sci., 71: 169-172.
Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-9036
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: AVES Yayıncılık