Güney ÇETİNKAYA, Seden SÖYLER, Ece ÖMÜRİŞ

Ziyaretçilerin Park Kullanım Özelliklerinin Genel Park Kullanım Memnuniyeti Üzerine Etkisi

Kent parkları, kentin kültürel ve doğal özelliklerini yansıtan ve kentte yaşayan her birey için aktif ve/veya pasif rekreasyon olanağı sunan alanlardır. Park alanlarının ziyareti ile bu alanların kullanımından kaynaklı memnuniyet arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki vardır. Bu kapsamda, park ve açık alan yöneticilerinin park düzenlemelerine yönelik temel uğraşılarından biri de ziyaretçileri memnun edecek olanaklar sunmaktır. Yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı da Antalya kent merkezinde bulunan ve önemli bir rekreasyon merkezi olan Atatürk Kültür Parkı ziyaretçilerinin genel memnuniyet düzeylerini ve bu memnuniyet düzeyine etki eden demografik faktörleri ve park kullanım özelliklerini belirmektir. Çalışmaya, kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiş 331 gönüllü kişi katılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, yaş, meslek, çocuk sahibi olma ve park ziyaret biçimi bireylerin park kullanımı memnuniyetini etkilemektedir. İleri yaş grubundaki, emekli ve çocuk sahibi olan bireyler ile, park ziyaretini aileleriyle birlikte yapan bireylerin park kullanımına yönelik memnuniyet düzeyleri diğer kullanıcılara oranla yüksektir. Yapılacak olan planlama çalışmalarında bu sonuçların değerlendirilmesi ve bu sonuçları ortaya çıkaran durumların derinlemesine araştırılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Park rekreasyonu, ziyaretçi memnuniyeti, park kullanım özellikleri, kent park, Antalya

The Effect Of Visitors’ Park Usage Characteristics On Overall Park Usage Satisfaction

Urban parks are areas that reflect the cultural and natural characteristics of the city and offer active and / or passive recreation opportunities for every people who lives in the city. There is a positive correlation between the visits of park areas and the satisfaction of the use of these areas. In this context, one of the main activities of park and outdoor recreation area managers for park arrangements is to provide opportunities to satisfy the visitors. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of visitors’ park usage characteristics and demographic characteristics on overall park usage satisfaction in Atatürk Cultural Park which is an important recreation center in Antalya. The study included 331 volunteers, who were selected by convenience sampling method. According to the results of the study, age, occupation, having a child and groups of visiting the park affect the satisfaction levels of park users. Park visitors who have retired and have children in the older age group and those who visit the park together with their families have higher levels of satisfaction. Authors recommended that these results be evaluated in the planning studies to be carried out and in-depth investigation of the situations that reveal these results.

Keywords:

Park Recreation, Visitor Satisfaction, Park Use Characteristics, Urban Park, Antalya,

PDF

___

Arabatzis, G., & Grigoroudis, E. (2010). Visitors' Satisfaction, Perceptions and Gap Analysis: The case of Dadia–Lefkimi–Souflion National Park. Forest Policy and Economics, 12, 163-172.
Bedimo-Rung, A. L., Mowen, A. J., & Cohen, D. A. (2005). The Significance of Parks to Physical Activity and Public Health A Conceptual Model. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28, 159-168.
Chiesura, A. (2004). The Role of Urban Parks for the Sustainable City. Landscape and Urban Planning, 68, 129-138.
Cohen, D. A., McKenzie, T. L., Sehgal, A., Williamson, S., Golinelli, D., & Lurie, N. (2007). Contribution of Public Parks to Physical Activity. American Journal of Public Health, 97(3), 509-514.
Fletcher, D., & Fletcher, H. (2003). Manageable Predictors of Park Visitor Satisfaction: Maintenance and Personnel. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 21(1), 21-37.
Floyd, M. F. (1997). Pleasure, Arousal, and Dominance: Exploring Affective Determinants of Recreation Satisfaction. Leisure Sciences, 19(2), 83-96.
Glover, T. D. (1999). Municipal Park and Recreation Agencies unite! A Single Case Analysis of An inter-Municipal Partnership. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 17(1), 73-90.
Gürer, N., & Uğurlar, A. (2017). Kent Parklarında Kullanıcı Memnuniyeti:Ankara Kuğulu Park Örneği. Megaron, 12(3), 443-459.
Jaafar, N., & Tudin, R. (2010). UPARQUAL: The Development of an Urban Park Satisfaction Measurement Scale. International Journal of Business and Society, 11(2), 17-34.
Jang, S., & Feng, R. (2007). Temporal Destination Revisit Intention: The Effects of Novelty Seeking and Satisfaction. Tourism Management, 28, 580-590.
Jeon, H., & Choi, B. (2012). The Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction. Journal of Services Marketing, 26(5), 332-341.
Lee, A., & Maheswaran, R. (2010). The Health Benefits of Urban Green Spaces: A Review of the Evidence. Journal of Public Health, 33(2), 212-222.
Lee, S. Y., Petrick, J. F., & Crompton, J. (2007). The Roles of Quality and Intermediary Constructs in Determining Festival Attendees’ Behavioral Intention. Journal of Travel Research, 45(4), 402-412.
Mohamed, N., & Othman, N. (2010). Push and Pull Factor:Determining the Visitors’ Satisfactions at Urban Recreational Area. Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies, 77-84.
Müderrisoğlu, H., Yerli, Ö., Altanlar Turan, A., & Duru, N. (2005). ROS (Rekreasyonel Fırsat Dağılımı) Yöntemi ile Abant Tabiat Parkı’nda Kullanıcı Memnuniyetinin Belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(4), 397-405.
Oliver, R. L. (1993). Cognitive, Affective and Attribute Bases of the Satisfaction Response. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3), 418-430.
Önder, S., & Polat, A. T. (2012). Kentsel Açık-Yeşil Alanların Kent Yaşamındaki Yeri ve Önemi. Kentsel Peyzaj Alanlarının Oluşumu ve Bakım Esasları Semineri, (s. 73-96). Konya.
Pal, O., & KGCP, W. (2015). Motives and Issues: Diyatha Uyana Urban Park Visitors in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(8), 1-7.
Shin, D., & Elliott, K. M. (2001). Measuring Customers' Overall Satisfaction. Services Marketing Quarterly, 22(1), 3-19.
Spinelli, M. A., & Canavos, G. C. (2000). Investigating the Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction and Guest Satisfaction. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41, 29-33.
Sreetheran, M. (2017). Exploring the Urban Park Use, Preference and Behaviours Among the Residents of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 25, 85-93.
Tinsley, H., Tinsley, D., & Croskeys, C. (2002). Park Usage, Social Milieu, and Psychosocial Benefits of Park Use Reported by Older Urban Park Users from Four Ethnic Groups. Leisure Sciences, 24(2), 199-218.
West, P. C., & Merriam Jr., L. C. (1970). Outdoor Recreation and Family Cohesiveness: A Research Approach. Journal of Leisure Research, 2(4), 251-259.
Whisman, S., & Hollenhorst, S. (1998). A Path Model of Whitewater Boating Satisfaction on the Cheat River of West Virginia. Environmental Management, 22, 109-117.
Wong, K.-k., & Domroes, M. (2004). Users' Perception of Kowloon Park, Hong Kong: Visiting Patterns and Scenic Aspects. Chinese Geographical Science, 14(3), 269-275.
World Urban Parks. (2015, 09 04). 10 01, 2018 tarihinde World Urban Parks: http://www.worldurbanparks.org/en/news-events/news/272-benchmarking-and-park-user-satisfaction adresinden alındı
Zabriskie, R. B., & McCormick, B. P. (2003). Parent and Child Perspectives of Family Leisure Involvement and Satisfaction with Family Life. Journal of Leisure Research, 35(2), 163-189.